Interchange algorithm

Wall, D.S. Abel, S. Therapeutic-interchange algorithm for multiple drug classes. Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. 1996, 53, 1295- 1296. 

Approximate TS structures were located based on the pathways shown in Fig. 31 using the SEAM search algorithm. However, for associative interchange, this leads to an inconsistency in that in order to have different connectivities in reactant and product states, there are only six explicit M-0 bonds while the TS should have seven. Consequently, the seventh ligand is explicitly connected and the structure reoptimized using a simple Newton-Raphson procedure. For vanadium, the SEAM structure is sufficiently good for this procedure to locate a true first-order saddle point (Fig. 32, left) (73). 

Industrial resistance thermometers are also the subject of a number of national and international standards, which describe both calibration constants and classes of accuracy and interchangeability. IEC publication 751 was revised in 1976 to conform to ITS-90, and national standards will be revised to conform to this document. IEC 751 uses the fixed-point values of ITS-90 with the simpler algorithm of IPTS-48 ... 

The Strategy Pattern Defines a family of algorithms, encapsulates each one, and makes them interchangeable. Strategy lets the algorithm vary independently from clients who use it. 

Regardless of the detection mechanism, a typical data processing algorithm must include the following steps (with the sequence interchangeable) ... 

First of all we need a predicate to sort the members of a list. A simple way to do this is to select to adjacent elements from the list and check whether they are in sequence. If they are not, then they are interchanged before reinserting them into the result list (this is the well knowm bubble sort algorithm). 

There is a wealth of theory on the process of evolution that is largely overlooked in the experimental literature. Part of the difficulty is the abundance of jargon that is specific to relatively small clusters of theoretical literature. Theoretical studies on protein evolution, RNA evolution, DNA evolution, and algorithms in computer science often have interchangeable results. For instance, motifs that have important implications for experiments with proteins emerge from RNA secondary structure studies. However, using the information requires a substantial translation of the language. 

Figure 5 A schematic representation of the way children structures are created from the parent structures in the genetic algorithms when using a one parent -> one child strategy. The parent in the left panel is cut into two halves (made clear through the different symbols for the two different parts as well as through the dashed line that marks the cut) that subsequently are interchanged leading to the structure of the right panel...

Roberts and Johnston considered stoichiometric clusters (MgO) and used a genetic-algorithms approach in optimizing the structures. In this case, the cutting and mating processes have to be performed with care by simply cutting two clusters and interchanging the halves, the stoichiometry may not be kept. Roberts and Johnston devised, however, a method with which the children clusters and the parent clusters have the same stoichiometry. 

This algorithm allows the simultaneous interchange of two experiments i and j in an experimental design. Let be the initial design with N runs, and let corresponding model matrix. 

It is seen that the value of the determinant X X will have a maximum increase if interchanges which give the maximum value of the increment function are chosen. In principle, this algorithm will stop when the possibilities to make interchanges which give positive values of fiy have been exhausted. 

With the algorithm by Fedorov, for each interchange, it is necessary to compute N-(N -1) values of the increment function Sy, and this necessitates the computations of N -(N + 1) variance and covariance functions. This implies a rather extensive amount of computation. The increase in the value of the determinant X X is, however, more rapid by this algorithm, than by the algorithm of Mitchell. 

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