Integrins cation binding

Michishita, M., Videm, V., and Arnaout, M. A. (1993). A novel divalent cation-binding site in the A domain of the /32 integrin CR3 (CDllb/CD18) is essential for ligand binding. Cell 72, 857-867. 

Mould, A. P., Barton, S.J., Askari, J. A., Craig, S. E., and Humphries, M.J. (2003a). Role of ADMIDAS cation-binding site in ligand recognition by integrin aSj31. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 51622-51629. 

D Souza SE, Haas TA, Piotrowicz TS, et al. Ligand and cation binding are dual functions of a discrete s ment of the integrin beta3 subunit cation displacement is involved in ligand binding. Cell 1994 79 659-667. 

Tudcwell DS, Brass A, Humphries MX Homology moddling of integrin EF-hands. Evidence for widespread use of a conserved cation-binding site. Biodiem J 285 325-331,199Z... 

Jackson DE, Poncz M, Holyst MT, Newman PJ Inherited mutations within the addum-binding sites of the integrin allb subunit (platelet glycoprotdn lib). Effects of the amino add side chain and the amino add position on cation binding. Eur J Biochem 240 280-287,19%. 

Within each of these adhesion molecule families, membership has been defined largely by amino-acid sequence similarity, which is reflected in common structural features. Consequently, distinct binding requirements also characterize each family. For example, cadherins interact in a Ca2+-dependent, usually homophilic manner. Binding of the members of the Ig family is Ca2+-independent and, although frequently homophilic, can be heterophilic. Integrin binding is also divalent cation-dependent (Ca2+, Mg2+) but always heterophilic. 

Because integrins bind extracellular ligands like RGD with the help of divalent cations and hydrogen bonds, it would be interesting to develop a laser-based tech-... 

Recently, it has been demonstrated that mechanical stress rapidly induced phosphorylation of PDGF receptor, activation of integrin receptor, stretch-activation of cation channels, and production of G proteins. Once mechanical stress was sensed, protein kinase C and MAPKs were activated, leading to increased c-fos and c-Jun gene expression and enhanced transcription factor AP-1 DNA binding activity. The application of physical forces also rapidly resulted in expression of MAPK phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), which inactivates MAPKs. 

The primary structure of GPIa was established by Takada and Hemler ". An overall sequence homology of 18-25% with other integrin a-subunits has been observed. The GPIa sequence contained a similar distribution of cysteine residues, divalent cation metal binding domains and a transmembrane domain . 

Kamata T, Takada Y Direct binding of collagen to the I domain of integrin o2pi (VlA-2, CD49b/CD29) in a divalent cation-dependent manner. J Biol Chem 269 26006-26010,1994... 

Ignatius, M.J. and Reichardt, L.F. (1988) Identification of a neuronal laminin receptor an M 200K/120K integrin heterodimer that binds laminin in a divalent cation-dependent manner. Neuron 1 713-725... 

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