Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic

EPA. 1994a. Guidance manual for the integrated exposure uptake biokinetic model for lead in children. U.S. Environmental Protection EPA/540/R-93/081, PB93-963510. 

Hogan K, Marcus A, Smith R, et al. 1998. Integrated exposure uptake biokinetic model for lead in children empirical comparisons with epidemiological data. Environ Health Perspect 106 1557-1567. 

Pharmacokinetic models have been developed that attempt to relate environmental levels to PbB levels (Leggett 1993 O Flaherty 1995). The Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model (IEUBK) developed by EPA is one of the most extensive efforts to date to make population-based predictions of PbB levels based upon environmental data. The model incorporates both exposure/uptake parameters and a biokinetic component to estimate the PbB distribution in the exposed population (EPA 1994). 

USEPA (2005e) Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children, Windows version (lEUBKwin v1.0 build 263) (December 2005) 32-bit version. Washington, DC, United States Environmental Protection Agency (http //www.epa.gov/ superfund/programs/lead/products.htm software). 

The trend of declining Pb in dietary daily intakes is readily apparent in U.S. EPA figures selected as exposure input values for dietary Pb to the agency s Integrated Exposure-Uptake Biokinetic Model for estimating PbB values in children (U.S. EPA, 2009). Table 7.10 summarizes Pb intakes for 12-month age bands in children up to 84 months of age. In infants of 12—23 months old, Pb intake declined about 65% between pre-1991 data and 1995—2003 data. Similar declines were seen in other age bands. 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1994b. Technical Support Document Parameters and Equations Used in the Integrated Exposure-Uptake Biokinetic Model (v 0.99d), Report No. EPA/540/R-94/040. Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC. 

Review of the Uptake Biokinetic (UBK) Model for Lead, Report No. EPA SAB-IAQC-92. White, P.D., Van Leeuwen, P., Davis, B.D., Maddalonr, M, Hogan, KA., Marcus, A.H., et al., 1998. The conceptual structure of the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model far lead in children. Environ. Health PerspecL 106 (SuppL 6), 1513—1530. 

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