Insulin-loaded systems

A similar tendency of sustained release from cubosomes in vitro studies was detected in insulin-loaded systems given orally to diabetic rats [38]. The investigators demonstrated that after oral administration of insulin in cubosomes a sustained hypoglycemic eftect occurred for over 6h, while the same dose of insulin as an oral solution had a minor effect on blood glucose levels. 

Cournarie F, Savelli MP, Rosilio V, Bretez F, et al. Insulin-loaded w/o/w multiple emulsions comparison of the performances of systems prepared with medium-chain triglycerides and fish oil. Ear J Pharm Biopharm 2004 58 477-482. 

Aqueous solutions of high-PEG block copolymers possess a unique temperature-dependent reversible gel-sol transition. This allows hydrogels to be loaded with bioactive molecules, such as insulin, in an aqueous phase above the gel-sol transition temperature, usually around 45°C. As a sol, the insulin-loaded copolymer system is injectable. Upon exposme to the subcutaneous... 

Insulin loaded nanocapsules dispersed in biocompatible microemulsion resulted in significantly greater reduction in blood glucose levels than aqueous insulin solution. This demonstrated that formulation of peptides within nanoc sules administered dispersed in microemulsion can facilitate oral absorption of encapsulated peptide. Such system can be prepared in situ by the interfacial polymerization of a w/o microemulsion. 

Packhaeuser, C.B. Kissel, T. On the design of in situ forming biodegradable parenteral depot systems based on insulin loaded dialkylaminoalkyl-amine-poly(vinylalcohol)-g-poly (lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles. J. Control. Release 2007,123 (2), 131-140. 

Kim, B.Y, Jeong, J.H., Park, K., Kim, J.D. Bioadhesive interaction and hypoglycemic effect of insulin-loaded lectin-microparticle conjugates in oral insulin delivery system. J. Contr. Release, 102,525, 2005. 

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