Instrumentation amplifier signal conditioning

A data amplification and signal conditioning module consisting of instrumentation amplifiers and the data acquisition module (Keithley KUSB 3100) were connected to the two sensors, in Wheatstone bridge configuration. This setup is capable of accurately measuring small resistance changes. 

The basic components of the solid state spectrometer are the same as the solution-phase instrument data system, pulse programmer, observe and decoupler transmitters, magnetic system, and probes. In addition, high-power amplifiers are required for the two transmitters and a pneumatic spinning unit to achieve the necessary spin rates for MAS. Normally, the observe transmitter for 13C work requires broadband amplification of approximately 400 W of power for a 5.87-T, 250-MHz instrument. The amplifier should have triggering capabilities so that only the radiofrequency (rf) pulse is amplified. This will minimize noise contributions to the measured spectrum. So that the Hartmann-Hahn condition may be achieved, the decoupler amplifier must produce an rf signal at one-fourth the power level of the observe channel for carbon work. 

Operational amplifier A versatile analog electronic amplifier for performing mathematical tasks and for conditioning output signals from instrument transducers. 

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