Inorganic oxidant systems

In contrast to the previous group, this category refers mainly to chemistry developed relatively recently, and particularly to catalytic activation of hydrogen peroxide. Within it lie many oxidation systems destined for widespread use in future, since they satisfy the atom utilisation principle and enable use of simple processes without serious effluent problems. 

1 Halogen generation. In strong acidic aqueous solution, halogen acids other than HF are converted stoichiometrically to the free halogen by H2O2  

In halogen substitution reactions using free halogen, only half of this goes into the product, the remainder appearing as the halogen acid  

The recycle of the HX by-product using H2O2 as above has three bene- 

In addition, the use of H2O2 and the halogen acid as primary reactants avoids the need for free halogen storage on site, which is not always allowed nor desirable. 

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Many examples of the reducing action of organic free radicals have been sited by Haines and Waters (1955) and the reactions between free radicals and inorganic oxidizing systems can be used to determine the E values. This method permits new experimental approach of the determination of the reactivity of the free radical. 

Hypergolic reaction systems have been proposed (Refs 46 73) for 5.56mm ammo, specifically triethylaluminum (TEA) together with inorganic oxidizers. This system is self-igniting in air, but is compatible with some nitrates, chlorates and perchlorates... 

Drillon M, Darriet J (1992) Progress in Polymetallic Exchange-Coupled Systems, some Examples in Inorganic Chemistry. 79 55-100 Duffy JA (1977) Optical Electronegativity and Nephelauxetic Effect in Oxide Systems. 32 147-166... 

The electrochemical intercalation/insertion is not a special property of graphite. It is apparent also with many other host/guest pairs, provided that the host lattice is a thermodynamically or kinetically stable system of interconnected vacant lattice sites for transport and location of guest species. Particularly useful are host lattices of inorganic oxides and sulphides with layer or chain-type structures. Figure 5.30 presents an example of the cathodic insertion of Li+ into the TiS2 host lattice, which is practically important in lithium batteries. 

The use of UV-polymerized, vacuum-deposifed film has enabled fhe development of mulhlayer barrier coatings for thin-film phofovolfaics and flexible electronics. The patented system uses thin polymer layers that are deposited alternatively with thin barrier layers. The mulhlayer structure is composed from organic (polymer) and inorganic (oxide) layers. 

The one-electron oxidation of homocyclic inorganic ring systems is expected to produce the corresponding cation radicals. An effective reagent for this process is... 

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