Inner-core states

K) were investigated. From an equation of state for iron the densities at these temperatures could be predicted to enable the simulations to be performed. A periodic system containing 64 atoms was used and the simulation run for 2 ps after equilibration. The calculated pressure agreed within 10% with the experimental values (330 GPa at the inner core boundary and 135GPa at the core-mantle boundary). Additional parameters could also be calculated, including the viscosity, the values for which were at the low end of previous suggestions. 

These fissioning nuclei (such as 8tP°i2-211> formed by reaction of Bi209 and a deuteron) have a nearly spherical normal-state structure, resembling that of the doubly magic nucleus seP m208, with an outer core of 16 spherons and an inner core of 4 spherons, shown in Fig. 6. The nucleus is excited, with vibrational energy about 25 Mev (for bismuth bombard-... 

In the PP theory, the valence electron wave function is composed of two parts. The main part is the pseudo-wave function describing a relatively smooth-varying behavior of the electron. The second part describes a spatially rapid oscillation of the valence electron near the atomic core. This atomic-electron-like behavior is due to the fact that, passing the vicinity of an atom, the valence electron recalls its native outermost atomic orbitals under a relatively stronger atomic potential near the core. Quantum mechanically the situation corresponds to the fact that the valence electronic state should be orthogonal to the inner-core electronic states. The second part describes this CO. The CO terms explicitly contain the information of atomic position and atomic core orbitals. 

Applying Eq. (2.6) for inner core (P=/), outer core (P=c) and valence (P=v) electrons one has Zj 100, Z 3, Z l by the order of magnitude Zp differs from an effective charge of the core with respect to the electron in the P-th state, Zp =Z—N, that is usually used in RECP calculations, where Z is the nuclear charge, is the number of core electrons with respect to the P-th state). Therefore, Bpp/=P Bpp/ is as... 

H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) also provides some information on the viscosity of the micellar core (Jones and Leroux, 1999). The copolymers are usually dissolv Dirafiti in a solvent where micelle formation is not expected and where all the peaks proper to the hydrophilic and hydrophobic part of the polymer can be detected (e.g., DI0ID2O, the presence of micelles with a highly inner viscous state result in a restricted motion of the protons within the micellar core as demonstrated by the weak signals associated with the hydrophobic part of the copolymer (Nakamura, et al., 1977 Bahadur et al., 1988). 

Huzinaga was the recipient of the 1994 John C. Polanyi Award of the Canadian Society for Chemistry. In his award lecture he described his model potential method, which deals only with the active electrons in molecular and solid state calculations. An invited review article,59 based on his 1994 Polanyi Award lecture, chronicles his efforts to develop a sound theoretical framework for the core-valence separation of electrons, a problem Van Vleck and Sherman60 once referred to as the nightmare of the inner core. ... 

A similar experiment was performed using fiber diameter as the independent variable. In this experiment, fibers with diameters ranging from 0.1 to 50 im were exposed to 90 mg/dL glucose and the response allowed to equilibrate. In this case, the results indicate that the oxygen response of the sensors is independent of diameter however, clearly, the glucose response strongly depends on sensor diameter. Approximately, 20% increase in intensity is observed when the fiber diameter is decreased from 5 to 1 0,m. The intensity increase was attributed to an increase in enzymatic activity per GOx molecule for sensor diameters >10 pm, the authors state that enzymes trapped within the inner core of the sensors become active only after enzyme molecules toward the sensors surface become deactivated. 

All beryllium nuclei contain four protons and therefore +4 electronic units, so that four electrons orbit the nucleus of the neutral atom. Its electronic configuration is is2 2s2. This can be abbreviated as an inner core of inert helium (a noble gas) plus two s-wave electrons in the second radial s state (He)2S2. This locates Be at the top of Group IIA (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) of the periodic table. Beryllium therefore has valence +2. 

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