Inner Burner system

Though a system at equilibrium is constant in properties, constancy is not the only requirement. Consider a laboratory burner flame. There is a well-defined structure to the flame—an inner cone surrounded by a luminous region whose appearance does not change. A temperature measurement made at a particular place in the flame shows that the temperature at that spot is constant. At another place in the flame the temperature might be different but, again, it would be constant, not changing with time. A measurement of the gas flow rate shows a constant movement of gas into the flame. Yet a laboratory burner flame is not at equilibrium be-... 

Monitoring power consumption by individual drives, CO2 % in exit gases (fuel consumption of burners fitted to furnaces), power required for air blowers (indicates system choking), and high smface temperatures of equipment shells and ducts (indicates damage to inner thermal protective lining) ... 

The development of a methanol fuel processor prototype was described by Hdhlein et al. [556]. The methanol burner dedicated to this system has been described in Section 7.5. Later, a complete methanol reformer was developed by Wiese et al. [154]. It was operated at a S/C ratio of 1.5 and a pressure of 3.8 bar. The feed was evaporated and superheated to 280 °C. The reformer itself consisted of four pairs of concentric stainless steel tubes. In the annular gap between the tubes, steam was condensed at 65 bar and 280 °C for the heat supply, while the inner tube carried the copper/zinc oxide catalyst for steam reforming. The reformer response time to a load change from 40 to 100% was about 25 s, which was mainly attributed to the slow dynamics of the dosing pump. Because the dynamic behaviour of the reformer was too slow for an automotive drive system, which had been the target appUcation of the work, an additional gas storage system was considered. To improve the system dynamics, Peters et al. considered the application of microreactor technology for a subsequent improved fuel processor [569]. 

The burner assemblies are typically constructed of joined cast iron segments and are water-cooled with either internal or external channels to prevent burner deflection due to thermal expansion. Control of ribbon burner energy output is primarily achieved by managing the air/gas mix, system air pressure and the burner (rib-bon/flat) design. As production line speed increases, ribbon burner BTU output must increase commensurately. However, the gap between the burner face and material typically needs to be adjusted with changes with BTU output such that the primary treatment zone (above the tips of the inner cones) interfaces with the treatment material. 

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