Infrared spectra of phenols

P. Bering, Structure and vibrations of the phenol-ammonia cluster, J. Chem. Phys. 102, 9197-9204 (1995). (c) S. Tanabe, T. Ebata, M. Fujii, and N. Mikami, OH stretching vibrations of phenol-(H20) (n = 1-3) complexes observed by IR-UV double-resonance spectroscopy, Chem. Phys. Lett. 215, 347-352 (1993). (d) D. Michalska, W. Zierkiewicz, D. C. Bien ko, W. Wojciechowski, and T. Zeegers-Huyskens, Troublesome vibrations of aromatic molecules in second-order Moller-Plesset and density functional theory calculations infrared spectra of phenol and phenol-OD revisited, J. Phys. Chem. A 105, 8734-8739 (2001). 

Infrared The infrared spectra of phenols combine features of those of alcohols and aromatic compounds. Hydroxyl absorbances resulting from O—H stretching are found in the 3600-cm region, and the peak due to C—O stretching appears around 1200-1250 cm These features can be seen in the infrared spectrum of p-cresol, shown in Figure 24.3. 

Rospenk, M., Leroux, N., and Zeegers-Huyskens, Assignment of the vibrations in the near-infrared spectra of phenol-OH(OD) derivatives and application to the phenol-pyrazine complex, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 183, 245-249, 1997. 

Tanabe and Nishizaki studied the infrared spectra of phenol adsorbed on MgO and Si02-Al203. Phenol molecules are dissociatively adsorbed on both catalysts to form the surface phenolate. However, the ratio of the intensity of the band at... 

Following the same procedures described in the above-mentioned study, additional extractive data were obtained for the epoxy phenolic enamel that was irradiated at 4.7-7.1 Mrad at 25 and — 30 °C in the presence of distilled water, 3% acetic acid, and n-heptane. The changes in the amount of extractives resulting from the irradiation treatment are shown in Table IX. In the case of the water and acetic acid extractives, there was no change in either the chloroform-soluble fractions or the chloroform-insoluble fractions. In the case of the n-heptane extractives, the amount of extractives decreased when the irradiation temperature was reduced from +25 to — 30°C. Infrared spectra of the chloroform-soluble residues from the water and acetic acid extractives of the unirradiated and irradiated enamel were identical to the chloroform-soluble residues from the solvent blanks. In other words, the epoxy phenolic... 

Fig. 12-16.—Infrared absorption spectra of phenol and related substances in carbon tetrachloride solution (Wulf and collaborators).

Salt Formation. In our typical formulations, the equivalent molar ratio of CTBN (Ephr 0.054, 5 phr), bisphenol A (24 phr), and piperidine (5 phr) is about 1 70 20. According to the selectivity of the carboxylic and phenolic groups (10), all the carboxylic groups and about one-third of the phenolic groups can possibly form the salts (II) and (III) in Figure 4. Infrared spectra of the mixture showed that the salt formation of bisphenol A is not very pronounced, whereas the carbonyl band (1710 cm 1) of the carboxyl group shifted completely to 1550 cm"1 indicating total carboxyl salt formation. 

Figure 5. Infrared spectra of films of the t-BOC protected copolymer coated on NaCl plates before (a) and after (b) thermolysis of the protecting group. Note the loss of the carbonate carbonyl stretch at 1755 cm and creation of the phenolic hydroxyl absorbance at 3400-3600 cm". ...

Figure 11.7 Fourier transform infrared spectra of the oils/waxes derived from the pyrolysis of polyester resin (a), phenolic resin (b) and epoxy resin (c)...

Minh Tho Nguyen, Eugene S. Kryachko and Luc G. Vanquickenborne TABLE 8. Experimental (infrared and Raman) and theoretical vibrational spectra of phenol... 

Section 24.15 The infrared and NMR spectra of phenols are similar to those for alcohols, except that the OH proton is somewhat less shielded in a phenol than in an alcohol. In NMR, an OH group deshields the carbon of... 

Comparison of the ultraviolet and infrared spectra of barbaloin with those of the cascarosides suggested that at least one of the phenolic groups in the barbaloin residue of the cascarosides is free. 

Only in recent years has the use of water as an infrared solvent become fairly routine in the biochemical laboratory. However, Coblentz (1905) had used water as an infrared solvent as early as 1905, and Gore et al. (1949) had studied aqueous solutions of several amino acids in 1949. Blout has published many infrared spectra of biochemical polymers in water and D2O solution, examples of which can be found in Blout and Lenormant (1953) and Blout (1957). Figure 3.9 (Blout, 1957) shows absorption spectra of water and D2O (with and without compensation) of 0.025 mm thickness in the region 4000-600 cm It can be seen that D2O transmits where water absorbs and vice versa, thus making the combination of these solvents useful for examining aqueous solutions. The O—H deformation modes of water are present between 1700 and 1600 cm" and the O—D deformation of D2O lies at 12(X) cm" Except for these regions the spectra show better than 40% transmittance and satisfactory compensation is readily obtained in a double-beam spectrometer. The optimum concentration of a solute is from 5 to 20 %. Two percent solutions have been used (Blout, 1957) and even lower concentrations are possible with a suitable solute, for example, 0.45 % phenol in water (Parker and Kirschenbaum, 1959). 

Figure 6.9 Infrared spectra of various blends of PVPh and PEO. Reprinted from Polymer, 26, Moskala, E. J., Varnell, D. F. and Coleman, M. M., Concerning the miscibiiity of poly(vinyl phenol) blends - FTIR study , 228-234, Copyright (1985), with permission from Elsevier.

Figure 3 shows the infrared spectra of the phenyl out-of-plane mode of sPS and sPPMS, before and after soaking in phenol solution. The peaks characteristic of the ttgg conformation at 572 cm i and 566 cm i for sPS and sPPMS are well-known to be very sensitive to the conformation. These peaks increased in intensity for both cast-crystaUized and melt-quenched films after soaking in phenol solution. This is direct evidence that the crystal with a ttgg conformation was induced by the presence of phenol. 

Figure 3. Infrared spectra of sPS (A) and sPPMS (B). The (a) and (b) spectra correspond to the cast-crystallized films before, and after, soaking in a 5 wt% phenol aqueous solution, respectively. The (c) and (d) spectra correspond to the melt-quenched films, before and after, soaking in a 5 wt% phenol aqueous solution, respectively. Nakaoki et al.

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