Inflammation Tuberculosis

The symptoms include pneumonia and fluid around the lungs. The pneumonia may result from inhaling the bacterium during an assault or via bloodstream infection. Any infection with this bacterium may lead to blood infection, which may cause hypotension and shock. The three forms of this disease recognized are acute, subacute, and chronic. The acute form is primarily a bloodstream infection (septicemia). The subacute form mimics tuberculosis, and the chronic form presents an inflammation of skin tissue.3... 

Ethionamide is active with respect to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae, but it does not have an effect on other microorganisms. It enhances phagocytosis at the center of tuberculous inflammation, which facilitates its decomposition. However, it frequently causes side effects associated with the gastrointestinal tract as well as a hepa-totoxic effect in approximately 5% of patients. Synonyms of this drug are trecatil, ethimide, thiomid, tuberin, tuberoid, and others. 

Respiratory disorders Decreased inflammation Bronchial asthma, berylliosis, aspiration pneumonitis, symptomatic sarcoidosis, pulmonary tuberculosis... 

In India, the spice is used broadly to treat infections in teeth and gums, to prevent and treat throat troubles, congestion of the lungs and pulmonary tuberculosis, inflammation of eyelids and also digestive disorders. 

Contraindications to the use of adrenal steroids for suppressing inflammation are all relative, depending on the advantage to be expected. They should be used only for serious reasons if the patient has diabetes, a history of mental disorder or peptic ulcer, epilepsy, tuberculosis, hypertension or heart failure. The presence of any infection demands that effective chemotherapy be begun before the steroid, but there are exceptions (some viral infections, see above). Topical corticosteroid applied to an inflamed eye (with the very best of intention) can be disastrous if the inflammation is due to herpes virus. 

Isoniazid, the mainstay in virtually any regimen to treat M. tuberculosis, penetrates the CSF with or without meningeal inflammation and achieves concentrations of more than 30 times the MIC of M. tuberculosis (MICs of 0.05 to 0.2 mg/L)." Rifampin s penetration of CSF approximates only 20% of sernm concentrations in the presence of meningeal inflammation. M. tuberculosis typically is so exquisitely sensitive to rifampin, however, that the low penetration ratio is of little clinical significance. However, the incidence of M. tuberculosis resistance to rifampin has increased, necessitating empirical multiple-antibiotic regimens. 

Microscopic examination of the urine for leukocytes is also used to determine the presence of pyuria. The presence of pyuria in a symptomatic patient correlates with significant bacteriuria. Pyuria is defined as a white blood cell (WBC) count of greater than 10 WBCs/mm of urine. A count of 5 to 10 WBCs/mm is accepted as the upper limit of normal. It should be emphasized that pyuria is nonspecific and signifies only the presence of inflammation and not necessarily infection. Thus patients with pyuria may or may not have infection. Sterile pyuria has long been associated with urinary tuberculosis, as well as chlamydial and fungal urinary infections. 

Tuberculosis can involve any region of the CNS and its coverings. The disease usually causes granulomatous inflammation with or without caseating necrosis, meningitis, or arteritis. The extensive time required to grow mycobacteria invites preliminary testing with IHC, PCR assay, or acid-fast stains. ... 

Kobayashi K, Yoshida T. The immunopathogenesis of granulomatous inflammation induced by mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods 1996 9(2) 204-214. 

---