Inductance index

On the other hand, comparative analysis of Fi variables gave the relative reduction of SOS-response in preincubated with AR bacterial cells (Table 3). So, repression SOS-response was proportionally to the length of the AR alkyl radical and was Fi = 3.7 (for Ce-AR) and Fi = 7.0 (for C12-AR) that 76.43-40.40 fold lower than the SOS-system activation level in cells exposured only by UV radiation. With reduction of the AR concentration to lO- M is still observed statistically significant differences in the values of induction index (Fi) of the control and experimental samples, although the repression of SOS-response was less expressed. An increase of the AR concentration up to 1(>3 M in the case of Ci-AR and C3-AR led to some suppression, and for the C5-, Ca- and C12-AR to increase the values of R. 

Pellets were removed and prepared for histological examination as previously described (37). An arbitrary "induction index", defined as the mean fractional area represented by induced cartilage, (IC) and induced bone (IB), was used to characterize the elicitation of osteoblastic activity by the DBP. A summary of the results of these experiments is presented in Table II. At 6 and 17 weeks following implantation of the DBP significant bone formation is observed in the C rats. No cartilage was apparent in the 2 week specimens from the L rats. At 6 and 17 weeks some induced bone was present. At no time throughout the course of experiments did the DBP elicit formation of either cartilage or bone in the Hn-deplete rats. 

Table II. Induction Index from Normal DBP Implanted into Test Rats Maintained on Experimental Diets for 6 months (40)...

Since it can be shown that the flux is proportional to the number of turns N, the inductance L is proportional to the square of the number of turns. This proportionality constant is called the inductance index and is denoted by Al. It is usually expressed as nH/turns2 (though sometimes it is considered to be mH/1000 turns2, both being numerically the same). So... 

This may be an actual air gap (between split core halves), or it may be a distributed gap, as in powdered iron cores. Though this lowers the inductance index (Al) somewhat, the resulting solution is much more immune to production variations, and is also more stable over time. In general, whenever we introduce an air gap, the core starts partially acquiring the properties of the interposing air — and since air never saturates, the air-gapped core too has a much softer saturation characteristic. 

Table 3. Effect of AR concentration ICHM on the saving of E.coU recA y.lux cell viability and relative index of SOS-system induction at UV exposion (3.64 J/m ). - P<0.05 - P<0.01.

It is important to know the influence of the physicochemical parameters of the mobile phase (dipole moment, dielectric constant, and refractive index) on solvent strength and selectivity. The main interactions in planar chromatography between the molecules of the mobile phases and those of solutes are caused by dispersion forces related to the refractive index, dipole-dipole forces related to the dipole moment, induction forces related to a permanent dipole and an induced one, hydrogen bonding, and dielectric interactions related to the dielectric constant. Solvent strength depends mainly on the dipole moment of the mobile phase, whereas the solvent selectivity depends on the dielectric constant of the mobile phase. 

The solvent triangle classification method of Snyder Is the most cosDBon approach to solvent characterization used by chromatographers (510,517). The solvent polarity index, P, and solvent selectivity factors, X), which characterize the relative importemce of orientation and proton donor/acceptor interactions to the total polarity, were based on Rohrscbneider s compilation of experimental gas-liquid distribution constants for a number of test solutes in 75 common, volatile solvents. Snyder chose the solutes nitromethane, ethanol and dloxane as probes for a solvent s capacity for orientation, proton acceptor and proton donor capacity, respectively. The influence of solute molecular size, solute/solvent dispersion interactions, and solute/solvent induction interactions as a result of solvent polarizability were subtracted from the experimental distribution constants first multiplying the experimental distribution constant by the solvent molar volume and thm referencing this quantity to the value calculated for a hypothetical n-alkane with a molar volume identical to the test solute. Each value was then corrected empirically to give a value of zero for the polar distribution constant of the test solutes for saturated hydrocarbon solvents. These residual, values were supposed to arise from inductive and... 

Five different detectors are common in HPLC (1) UV, (2) refractive index (RI), (3) conductivity, (4) inductively coupled plasma atomic emission, and (5) mass spectrometry. A UV detector passes a specific wavelength of UV light... 

One approach refers to local charge densities [188] the other one uses localization energies as a reactivity index [189]. In any event, the inductive effect of the methylene group, formed in the first protonation step, has to be taken into account if two sites provide comparable reactivity indices. 

Also other Type B and C series from Table II are consistent with the above elimination mechanisms. The dehydration rate of the alcohols ROH on an acid clay (series 16) increased with the calculated inductive effect of the group R. For the dehydrochlorination of polychloroethanes on basic catalysts (series 20), the rate could be correlated with a quantum-chemical reactivity index, namely the delocalizability of the hydrogen atoms by a nucleophilic attack similar indices for a radical or electrophilic attack on the chlorine atoms did not fit the data. The rates of alkylbenzene cracking on silica-alumina catalysts have been correlated with the enthalpies of formation of the corresponding alkylcarbonium ions (series 24). Similar correlations have been obtained for the dehydrosulfidation of alkanethiols and dialkyl sulfides on silica-alumina (series 36 and 37) in these cases, correlation by the Taft equation is also possible. The rate of cracking of 1,1-diarylethanes increased with the increasing basicity of the reactants (series 33). 

---