Indium isotope

After the target solution had passed through the column the resin was eluted with 40 void volumes of 3 M HC1 to remove all the indium isotopes. The column was then rinsed with 15 void volumes of 8 M HC1 to remove Rh isotopes. Cadmium-109 was recovered with 12 M HC1. A schematic diagram of the separation procedure is given in Figure 3. 

By the use of the particle(hole)-vibration model it was possible to reproduce the level spectra and electromagnetic properties of the odd-A indium isotopes and many other nuclei. 

Figure Bl.25.9(a) shows the positive SIMS spectrum of a silica-supported zirconium oxide catalyst precursor, freshly prepared by a condensation reaction between zirconium ethoxide and the hydroxyl groups of the support [17]. Note the simultaneous occurrence of single ions (Ff, Si, Zr and molecular ions (SiO, SiOFf, ZrO, ZrOFf, ZrtK. Also, the isotope pattern of zirconium is clearly visible. Isotopes are important in the identification of peaks, because all peak intensity ratios must agree with the natural abundance. In addition to the peaks expected from zirconia on silica mounted on an indium foil, the spectrum in figure Bl. 25.9(a)...

More than 1500 radioactive isotopes have been prepared in the laboratory. The number of such isotopes per element ranges from 1 (hydrogen and boron) to 34 (indium). They are all prepared by bombardment reactions in which a stable nucleus is converted to one... 

Iodine-131 was among the first radioactive isotopes used for radioimmunoconjugate preparation (Order, 1982 Regoeczi, 1984). Since the earliest studies on the efficacy of radiotherapy, additional isotopes have been employed, such as iodine-125, bismuth-212, yttrium-90, yttrium-88, technetium-99 m, copper-67, rhenium-188, rhenium-186, galium-66, galium-67, indium-111, indium-114 m, indium-115, and boron-10. 

Imura and Suzuki36 have prepared labelled organotin compounds from artificial tin isotopes produced in a cyclotron. The carrier-free tin-113 radioisotope was produced by irradiating indium-115 oxide with 40-MeV protons (equation 33). 

ISOTOPES There are a total of 73 isotopes of indium. All are radioactive with relatively short half-lives, except two that are considered stable. Isotope In-113 makes up just 4.29% of the total indium found in the Earth s crust. The isotope In-115, with a half-life of 4.41 X10years contributes the balance (95.71%) of the element s existence in the Earth s crust. 

Ununtrium is located on the periodic chart in group 13 (IIIA) just below thallium and indium. It is expected to have chemical and physical properties similar to these two homo-logues. Since only one or two unstable atoms of the isotopes of ununtrium have been synthesized, its melting point, boiling point, and density are not known. 

Herbert Newby McCoy, 1870-1945. American chemist who made outstanding contributions to radioactivity and the chemistry of the lare earths In 1904 he showed that indium is produced by spontaneous transmutation of uranium Three years later, m collaboration with W. H. Ross, he pointed out the identical chemical behavior of the compounds of certain elements which F Soddy later called isotopes. Dr McCoy also gave the first quantitative proof that the o-ray activity of uranium compounds is directly proportional to their uranium content (78). 

Capromab pendetide is a murine monoclonal antibody specific for prostate specific membrane antigen. It is coupled to isotopic indium (111In) and is used in immunoscintigraphy for patients with biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer and post-prostatectomy in patients with rising prostate specific antibody level to determine extent of disease. 

Radioactive labels are -emitters selected on the basis of half-lives, the energies emitted, decay products, ease of labeling, availability and expense. Iodine isotopes 121,123, and 124, Indium 111, and Technetium 99 are the labels most widely used. The short half-lives of these labels (hours to days) means that radioimaging reagents are prepared immediately prior to treatment. Radioimaging of diseased tissue also provides useful information on the design of therapies that localize radioisotopes or toxins at tumor sites for therapy. 

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