Incubation Stage

At time intervals t tw the non-stationary kinetics of clusters of leirge enough size (j 1) is described by the Zeldovich-Frenkel equation (Venables et al. 1984) 

For example, using the approximation of two-dimensional disk-shaped clusters (see Fig. 10) and LG model yields the following expression for F i) (Venables et al. 1984) 

The free energy for cupolar-shaped nuclei has an analogous form (Venables et al. 1984) 

It is important, that the function F i) has a typical form (see Fig. 11) with one maximum (F(tcr)) corresponding to the critical nucleus size ic- Thus, small clusters with i appear and disappear due to the thermodynamic fluctuations, while clusters with t grow regularly in average. 

The following expression for the diffusion coefficient in dimension spetce is generally used 

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A biosorption method for the separation of sulfur compounds from fossil fuels, by using a sulfur-biosorption agent and followed by the oxidation of the biosorbed complex. The oxidation is carried out in an aqueous phase containing an effective amount of oxygen and, optionally a biocatalyst, in which case an incubating stage is incorporated for the reaction to take place. 

The protozoan parasite Plasmodium is responsible for the disease. It lives within stomach and salivary glands of the Anopheles mosquito and is transmitted to humans through mosquito bites. The parasites move through the bloodstream to the liver, where they proliferate during an incubation stage... 

The incubation stage in phytotron lasts 15 days and is followed by a further 15 days of rooting in a tube in the presence of hormones maintained at a controlled temperature and humidity. After two weeks of transplanting and growth in a hothouse, the growth is then completed by 2 months in a conventional nursery. 

Conversion of this biomass by rapid thermal means, although presently in an incubation stage, appears to have a tremendous potential. 

Many methods require a heating step for color development, or an incubation stage for enzyme reactions. In the AutoAnalyzer, this is achieved as the reaction mixture flows through a glass helix (usually 40 feet in length) kept at the desired temperature. 

Briefly, eukaiyotic cells are infected with bacteria and once the bacteria have entered the cells gentamycin is added to kill extracellular bacteria but not the engulfed intracellular bacteria, which retain their viability. Radioactive amino acid tracers are then added to radiolabel newly synthesised proteins. Cycloheximide is included during this incubation stage to inhibit eukaiyotic cell protein synthesis but not bacterial protein synthesis. 

The formation and subsequent breakdown of the spinel layer which occurs during the incubation stage is followed by the growth of AI2O3-AI composite. This is a complex phenomenon whose details are still not fully understood. Incremental advance of the growing composite involves at least three steps. 

Carbon oxidation can also happen at the cathode via an electrochemical route due to the voltage when a fuel cell is under operation. The early stage of carbon oxidation may contribute to the increased performance during the fuel cell incubation stage. Continuous oxidation, however, can lower the resistance to flooding, and severe corrosion of the carbon support will cause other problems as discussed later. 

Electrodes were incubated in solutions during the incubation stage and during the inhibition stage at different pH and the sensor response was tested. Maximum inhibition is observed for pH 10. Investigation of the dependence of pH of the inhibitor containing solution on the inhibition effect of trichlorfon allowed to select pH 10 for the OPC assay optimization at different temperatures. 

It was found that a duration of 6 minutes for the electrochemical reaction was sufficient to produce an amperometric signal distinguishable for different bacterial concentrations. Hence the analytical signal was estimated as the slope of the current transient during the first 6 minutes. Control experiments were performed when the first incubation stage contained no bacteria cells in the sample in order to determine the background response. All experiments were carried out at room temperature (approximately 23 C). 

The long time associated to incubation stages in conventional immunoassay can be attributed to the inefficient mass transport for the immunoreagents to move them from the bulk solution to the wall surface where interaction takes place. In microchannels, the surface-area-to-volume ratio is higher which makes the diffusional distances dramatically reduced and produce lower analysis time. 

Tube-dilution method for antibiotics). All of the manipulations up to the incubation stage must be carried out aseptically using sterilised apparatus, buffer solutions, etc. 

Experiments on Fe in Ar-02 atmospheres generally yield TG curve as shown in Fig. 30.1 [1]. Three kinetic regimes are obvious an incubation stage (A), a linear stage (B) and a stage that is either logarithmic or parabolic (C). 

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