Incandescent lamps metal halide

Lamp types (a) incandescent and tungsten-halogen lamp shapes (b) fluorescent and compact fluorescent lamp shapes (c) typical high-pressure sodium lamp (d) typical metal halide lamp. 

Type of lamp Incandescent lamps Tungsten halogen High pressure sodium Metal halide Fluorescent Compact fluorescent Induction... 

How effectively shonld yonr light source render colors The higher the color rendering index (CRI) of a lamp, the better individual colors will be rendered. The CRI compares how closely a light sonrce will render colors to a standard.The standard is usually an incandescent lamp, which is, by definition, a black body and has a CRI of 100, the highest rating (Table 5.40). Metal halide lamps nsnally have a CRI between 65 and 85. By comparison, high-pressure sodium lamps have a CRI of 22. 

Figure 28.1 Evolution in the luminous efficacy of distinct light sources. The curves of incandescent, halogen, high-intensity discharge (HID) (including mercury vapor, metal halide, and sodium vapor lamps), and fluorescent lamps are adapted from Ref. [8]. The LED curve is built based on data reported by Kovac et al. [16] and Farinola and Ragni [13] and the...

Tungsten(II) chloride has been used as a starting material in a variety of organometallic and inorganic syntheses. In addition, there has been interest in its use as a chemical transport agent, such as in incandescent lamps or XeCl excimer lasers, which has resulted in several thermochemical and thermodynamic studies of the metal halide systems. 

The compound cerium oxide (either Ce Oj or CeO ) is used to coat the inside of ovens because it was discovered that food cannot stick to oven walls that are coated with cerium oxide. Cerium compounds are used as electrodes in high-intensity lamps and film projectors used by the motion picture industry. Cerium is also used in the manufacturing and polishing of high-refraction lenses for cameras and telescopes and in the manufacture of incandescent lantern mantles. It additionally acts as a chemical reagent, a misch metal, and a chemical catalyst. Cerium halides are an important component of the textile and photographic industries, as an additive to other metals, and in automobile catalytic converters. Cerium is also used as an alloy to make special steel for jet engines, solid-state instruments, and rocket propellants. 

---