In Case of Emergency

In the United States there is an organization called CHEMTREC (Chemical Transportation Emergency Center) that has a 24-hour toll-free number to call for advice on chemical transportation emergencies [(800)-424-9300]. For written or general questions, write  

Chemical Transportation Emergency Center 1300 Wilson Blvd. 

For information on the rules and regulations of transporting various gasses, contact  

Department of Transportation Office of Hazardous Materials 400 7th St. SW Washington DC, 20590 (800) 467-4922 

For questions specifically related to compressed gases, you may write or call  

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Open areas around the operating units of a plant act as buffers to the surrounding community. Sufficient clearance should be allowed so that, if tall stmctures coUapse, other on-site buildings or equipment, or off-site properties are not affected. Adequate roadways providing entry to the plant are extremely important, and multiple entries and exits are advisable. An overcrowded plant can lead to damage or shutdown of adjacent units and may impede the movement of vehicles and materials in case of emergency (85). Another consideration is community fire-fighting assistance, first aid, and medical facihties. 

Necessary min. inert gas cone, for explosion prevention in case of emergent outflow of gas in closed volumes (% v/v) ... 

Recognize the effects of stress in case of emergencies. The actual emergency probably will differ considerably from those practiced. The reluctance to acknowledge that the emergency exists is a well-known cause of delayed response. Complex decisions are doomed to failure... 

Most mechanical hazards in the laboratory can be avoided by good planning. There must be no obstructions in traffic areas, particularly those needed for rapid evacuation in case of emergency. Wide hallways may look like good parking places for movable equipment not currently in use. They may also seem convenient for storage of reagents and supplies that temporarily... 

Most companies maintain an elevated water supply for use in case of emergencies. This supply should be large enough to provide whatever cooling water or... 

Paolo estimates that his college expenses this year will be 26,000 however, he wishes to add 15% to that amount in case of emergency. How much should Paolo try to add to his college fund ... 

This will consist in basic knowledge about the treats, chemical compounds and their effect on the health, biological pathogens, preventive measures. The main aim is to reduce the fear and panic and to instruct people how to behave in case of emergency. 

The counselor or therapist helps the client develop a step-by-step response to a lapse/relapse scenario. Clients are oriented by being told that lapses or relapses are common among many people attempting to change drug problems, but that such events are not inevitable. Then clients are told that planning ahead for possible slips is prudent, since it allows for safety plans to be developed in case of emergency. The plans may never be implemented, but they are there if needed. 

PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN IN TRANSPORTATION Motor vehicles will be placarded regardless of quantity. Driver shall be given full and complete information regarding shipment and conditions in case of emergency. 

Weak acids (such as citric acid) should be used to neutralize base spills, and weak bases (such as sodium carbonate) should be used to neutralize acid spills. Solutions of these should be readily available in the lab in case of emergency. 

Muscle-specific auxiliary reactions for ATP synthesis exist in order to provide additional ATP in case of emergency. Creatine phosphate (see B) acts as a buffer for the ATP level. Another ATP-supplying reaction is catalyzed by adenylate kinase [1] (see also p.72). This disproportionates two molecules of ADP into ATP and AMP. The AMP is deaminated into IMP in a subsequent reaction [2] in order to shift the balance of the reversible reaction [1 ] in the direction of ATP formation. 

Prescriptions Prescriptions for controlled substances must be written in ink and include the following Date name and address of the patient name, address, and DEA number of the physician. Oral prescriptions must be promptly committed to writing. Controlled substance prescriptions may not be dispensed or refilled more than 6 months after the date issued or be refilled more than 5 times. A written prescription signed by the physician is required for schedule II drugs. In case of emergency, oral prescriptions for schedule II substances may be filled however, the physician must provide a signed prescription within 72 hours. Schedule II prescriptions cannot be refilled. A triplicate order form is necessary for the transfer of controlled substances in schedule II. Forms are available for the individual prescriber at no charge from the DEA. 

Antipsychotic medication must always start at low dosages and be increased slowly to reach steady-state levels. Treatment should not be interrupted suddenly, except in cases of emergency or pronounced adverse effects. 

Sometimes farmers may be victims of sabotage by a disgruntled employee who adds drugs to the milk. In the case of coccidiostats, the relatively short withdrawal periods may tempt the farmer to leave out the required switch to a coccidiostat-free final feed. There have been also cases in which farmers have bought cows that supposedly had not been treated, but were. Dairy farmers should always test milk from newly purchased animals before adding it to the tank. An additional problem is that the withdrawal period will probably never be obeyed in case of emergency-slaughtered animals. 

Water. Water mains should be connected to plant fire mains at two or more points, so that a sufficient water supply can be delivered in case of emergency. The plant loop and its branches should be adequately valved so that a break can be isolated without affecting a principal part of the system. If there is any question of maintaining adequate pressure, suitable booster pumps should be installed. Any connection made to potable water for process water or cooling water must be made in such a manner that there can be no backflow of possibly contaminated water check valves alone are not sufficient. The municipal supply should fall freely into a tank from which the water is pumped for process purposes, or commercially available and approved backflow preventers should be used. 

During the analysis, a flask containing a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite should be kept near the bench, in case of emergency. The issue of safety precautions has been studied rather extensively for aflatoxins (21), ochratoxin A, citrinin, sterigmatocystin, and pat-ulin (22). 

FIGURE 11-52. Positive symptom pharmacy. First-line treatment of positive symptoms is now atypical antipsychotics (SDA), not only for schizophrenia but also for positive symptoms associated with bipolar disorder, Alzheimer s disease, childhood psychoses, and other psychotic disorders. However, conventional antipsychotics (D2) and benzodiazepines (BZ) are still useful for acute intramuscular administration (in case of emergency), and D2 for monthly depot injections for noncompliant patients, as well as for second-line use after several atypical agents fail. Clozapine (C), polypharmacy, and combinations (combos) are relegated to second- and third-line treatment for positive symptoms of psychosis. 

Respirators equipped with canisters designed for protection against phosphine should always be on hand in case of emergency (for respiratory protection). 

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