In ARDS

Relatively few data are available on the response of ANP to endotoxemia or septic shock. In an ovine model, a 13-fold increase in blood ANP concentration has been found 2 hours after endotoxin administration in a dose of 1.5 pg/kg body weight (LI7). The ANP level remained elevated during the first 6 hours and was associated with marked diuresis and natriuresis and with decreased cardiac output and increased peripheral resistence (LI7). In human studies, a significantly higher ANP blood level was observed in ARDS (E4) and in patients with acute respiratory failure associated with sepsis (M30). In a longitudinal study, we found that plasma ANP levels were increased in patients with sepsis, but the ANP levels showed no relation to the severity of disease or to the presence of shock (B8). 

M18. Meduri, G. U., Headley, S., Kohler, G., Stentz, F., Tolley, E., Umberger, R and Leeper, K Persistent elevation of inflammatory cytokines predicts a poor outcome in ARDS. Chest 107, 1062-1073 (1995). 

For mineral exploration purposes, spatio-temporal variations in ARD hydrochemistry may provide indicators to the location of an orebody e.g., anomalous concentrations of dissolved base metals may suggest that the orebody is proximal to this anomaly. At XY, the highest concentrations of dissolved base... 

Explosions in Vacuo were discussed by C.K. Thornhill, in ARDE Report B/30/58, Nov 1958... 

Guns Using Liquid Propellants are briefly described by A.M. Goodall in ARDE (Armament Research and Development Establishment) Memorandum (P) 31/56, Fort Halstead, Kent(GtBritain) and previous British Reports which are listed on p 16 of the above Memorandum... 

Meduri GU, et al Steroid treatment in ARDS A critical appraisal of the ARDS network trial and the recent literature. Intens Care Med 2008 34 61. [PMID 18000649]... 

Iron and aluminum oxyhydroxides and hydroxysulfates with sorbed metals that form in ARD and in surface waters affected by ARD. 

The data in Fig. 6 show that for the 1-halonaphthalene or 4-halobenzonitrile series a continuous variation is observed that is, the yield in ArD increases in the series Cl Br < I, in agreement (at least for the monotonic variation) with usual chemical expectations. But for the 9-anthracene series a nonuniform variation is observed as a function of the halide. Moreover, the ArD yields obtained for the 9-chloroanthracene are extremely dependent on the concentration or the stirring rate, whereas the effects of these factors are minimal for the bromo derivative and totally negligible for the iodo derivative or for the 1-halonaphthalene or 4-halobenzonitrile series. Such a priori puzzling experimental results may, however, be easily rationalized through the preceding method. 

Mono catalyst system, i.e. only HDS, by itself is a poor performer for the feed stock processed in ARDS unit. 

In adults, a severe form of lung injury can develop in association with sepsis, pneumonia, and injury to the lungs due to trauma or surgery. This catastrophic disorder is known as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and has a mortality rate of more than 40%. In ARDS, one of the major problems is a massive influx of activated neurophils which damage both vascular endothelium and alveolar epithelium and result in massive pulmonary edema and impairment of surfactant function. Neutrophil proteinases (e.g., elastase) break down surfactant proteins. A potential therapeutic strategy in ARDS involves administration of both surfactant and antiproteinases (e.g., recombinant a I -antitrypsin). 

HFV has been mentioned as a ventilator option for neonatal RDS (see Table 28-2). The basic concept for its use in ARDS is that the pressure-volume curve in ARDS creates a narrow window of safety... 

TABLE 28—9. Hemodynamic and Fluid Support Decisions in ARDS... 

Mortality, ICU stay, and duration of mechanical ventilation are common outcome measures used in ARDS studies. However, there is... 

---