Implants surface roughness

Sputtering can also give rise to surface roughness, which can affect the high-dose implantation. Surface roughness has been found to be related to crystallographic... 

Walsh W R et al. (2004) Cemented fixation with PMMA or Bis-GMA resin hydroxyapatite cement effect of implant surface roughness. Biomaterials 25 4929-4934... 

The surface of the implant or prosthesis is grit blasted not only to establish a mechanical bond between the substrate and the coating, but also to establish a stronger mechanical bond with bone once the HAp has been resorbed. A surface roughness, Ra, as little as 1 pm can lead to a twofold increase in the removal torque of an implant from... 

Morphology and surface roughness of PHB film exposed to corrosive medium (phosphate buffer) have been studied by the AFM technique. This experiment is important for surface characterization because the state of implant surface determines not only mechanism of degradation but also the protein adsorption and cell adhesion that are responsible for pol5mier biocompatibility [30], As the standard sample, we have used the PHB film with relatively low MW =170 kDa. 

It is apparent that macroscopic as well as microscopic topography may affect osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. In a recent study by Groessner-Schrieber and Tuan [1992], osteoblast growth, differentiation, and synthesis of matrix and mineralized nodules were observed on rough, textured, or porous coated titanium surfaces. It may be possible therefore, not only to optimize the interactions of host tissues with implant surfaces during the Phase I tissue responses but also to influence the overall bone responses to biomechanical forces during the remodeling phase (Phase II) of tissue responses. 

The success of a tissue engineering scaffold or a drug carrier depends mainly on its surface properties. The surface of a polymeric biomaterial is defined with respect to the biomedical application and the host tissue environment in which the material is intended to perform. Biocompatibility of a polymer implant is directly related to its surface properties. A polymer implant with rough surface accelerates thrombus... 

A widely applied method for surface stmcturing is chemical etching. For example, Yeo et al. investigated whether the pretreatment of PCL 20% tricalcium phosphate (TCP) composites under alkaline conditions can be utilized to beneficially alter surface properties in order to enhance early bone formation. In doing so, PCL-TCP scaffolds were treated with 3M sodium hydroxide for 48 and 96 h, respectively. Both groups showed an increased surface roughness compared to unmodified controls however, the scaffold pore size and rod thickness remained unchanged. After implantation in the calvarias of... 

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