Immunomodulatory effects, cannabinoids

This drug has marked immunomodulatory effects and can alter the normal function of T and B lymphocytes, NK cells and macrophages, both in vivo and in vitro, in humans and animals (Table 30.1).910 Although the molecular and cellular mechanisms for these effects are not fully defined, it is believed that both receptor and non-receptor mechanisms are involved. Cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) are G-protein coupled 7-... 

Reif, et al. Immunomodulatory effects of orally administered cannabinoids in CS359 multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2003 137(1-2) 140-143. 

The immunomodulatory properties of A -THC [48] are likely due to the interaction with CB2 receptors, highly expressed in cells of the immune system (T-cells, B-cells, macrophages). The effect on the immune system of cannabinoid administration appears to be hormesic, and related to the dosage. Indeed, high doses of caimabinoids suppress immune responses, while more physiologically relevant concentrations of cannabinoids result in metabolic stimulation of lymphocytes and in an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine production rather than immunosuppression. It has been proposed that the immunosuppressive properties of cannabinoids can find application in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. 

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