Immunohistochemistry immunostaining

Miller RT (2001) Technical immunohistochemistry achieving reliability and reproducibility of immunostains. Society for Applied Immunohistochemistry, 2001 Annual Meeting, http // www.ihcworld.com/ books/Technical IHC.pdf... 

Fluorophore absorbs ultraviolet light (or violet, blue or green) and emits light of longer wavelength. Fluorophores are used in immunohistochemistry for labeling primary or secondary antibodies in direct and indirect immunostain-ing methods, respectively. They can be visualized in fluorescence microscopy using special filter sets. 

Presently, immunohistochemistry requires improvements in quality, reproducibility, speed, quantitation, and standardization. Some of these goals can be achieved by using computerized bar code-driven automatic immunostainers that automatically dispense reagents, control washing, mixing, and heating to optimize immunohistochemical reaction... 

Figure 7.3 A. Human psoriatic tissue (200x). B. Normal human skin (200x). Both samples were immunostained with caspase 14 antibody. Punch biopsies (4 mm) of normal and psoriatic skin samples were obtained from different patients who provided written, informed consent under an IRB-approved protocol. Samples were fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin, paraffin embedded, cut to 5-pm sections, and stained with caspase 14 antibody by immunohistochemistry.

Leong A S-Y, Vinyuvat S, Suthipintawong C, Leong FJ Patterns of basal lamina immunostaining in soft tissue tumours. Applied Immunohistochemistry 1997b 5 l-7. 

Nonaka and Chiriboga studied basal cell differentiation in 108 cases of stage 1 primary lung adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays with immunostains for p63, TTF-1,... 

FIGURE 12.39 When evaluated by Immunohistochemistry, the neoplastic cells showed intense immunostaining for synaptophysin (A) and chromogranin A (B). 

Azumi and associates used immunohistochemistry to study 33 mesotheliomas (32 pleural, 1 peritoneal, 18 epithelial, 10 biphasic, 4 sarcomatoid, 1 desmoplastic) and 37 adenocarcinomas for hyaluronate. Three of 37 (8.1%) adenocarcinomas and all mesotheliomas immunostained for hyaluronate. The location of the staining reaction in the mesotheliomas was membranous in 30 cases, cytoplasmic in 21 cases, and membranous and cytoplasmic in 19 cases. The staining reaction in mesotheliomas was classified as moderate or greater in 27 of 33 (81.8%) cases. The authors concluded that the demonstration of hyaluronate should be considered an important adjunct to other immunohistochemical tests and electron microscopy in diagnosing epithelial mesotheliomas. 

---