Immobilization onto functionalized

Wet preparation of metal nanoparticles and their covalent immobilization onto silicon surface has been surveyed in this manuscript. Thiol-metal interaction can be widely used in order to functionalize the surface of metal nanoparticles by SAM formation. Various thiol molecules have been used for this purpose. The obtained functionalized particles can be purified to avoid the effect of unbounded molecules. On the other hand, hydrogen-terminated silicon surface is a good substrate to be covered by Si-C covalently bonded monolayer and can be functionalized readily by this link formation. Nanomaterials, such as biomolecules or nanoparticles, can be immobilized onto silicon surface by applying this monolayer formation system. 

Fig. 16.10 Reaction scheme for immobilization of DNA onto functionalized Si02 substrates. Plasma treated Si02 substrates are denoted as Si OH, APTMS functionalized substrates are denoted as Si NH2, dendrimer functionalized substrates are denoted as Si G(4.5)COOH, and substrates to which DNA capture probes have been immobilized are denoted as Si DNA. Inset Repeat unit of PAMAM dendrimer possessing terminal carboxylic acid functionality...

In summary, it has been demonstrated, that structurally diverse functionalized alkenes and alkynes are subject to catalytic immobilization onto allylsilyl polystyrene under C,C-bond... 

POMs can he immobilized onto anion-exchange resins and surface-modified metal oxides with quaternary ammonium cation- or amino-functional groups via anion-exchange. Jacobs and coworkers tethered Venturello s catalyst [P04(W0(02)2)4]3-on a commercially available nitrate-form resin with alkylammonium cations and have carried out the epoxidation of allylic alcohols and terpenes with this supported catalyst [166, 167]. The regio- and diastereoselectivity of the parent homogeneous catalysts were preserved in the supported catalyst. For bulky alkenes, the reactivity of the POM catalyst was superior to that of Ti- 3 zeolite with a large pore size. The catalytic activity of the recycled catalyst was maintained completely after several cycles. 

Most elastomers require reinforcing fillers to function effectively, and NMR has been used to characterize the structures of such composites as well. One examples is the adsorption of chains onto filler surfaces,334,335 and the strong absorption of these chains into bound rubber, for example PDMS immobilized onto high surface area silica.316,320 Another example is the use of NMR to image the filler or polymer itself.336-342... 

Immunoadsorption, an advanced therapeutic modality, focuses on detoxification of patient blood rich in high-molecular-weight pathogenic substances, mostly abnormal autoantibodies such as rheumatoid factors in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and anti-DNA autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Detoxification of these pathogens will be accomplished through extracorporeal perfusion of the patient plasma or whole blood over an affinity column made of immunoadsorbents. These adsorbents perform their function through the same mechanism as conventional affinity adsorption, where proteins in the liquid phase are adsorbed on the specific ligands immobilized onto an insoluble support. 

Balcao, V. M., Mateo, C., Femandez-Lafuente, R., Malcata, F. X. and Guisan, J. M. (2001). Structural and functional stabilization of L-asparaginase via multisubunit immobilization onto highly activated supports. Biotechnol. Prog. 17 (3), 537-542. 

Figure 12. Influence of PVA immobilized onto nanosilica A-300 on RBC hemolysis as a function of PVA amount (last point corresponds to pure PVA solution without silica).

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