Imides, amides and related compounds

A particularly imaginative application of this concept has led to the isolation of compounds which contain monatomic alkali metal anions. For example, Na was reacted with cryptand in the presence of EtNHi to give the first example of a sodide salt of 

The Na is 555 pm from the nearest N and 516 pm from the nearest O, indicating that it is a separate entity in the structure. Potas-sides, rubidides and caesides have similarly been prepared. The same technique has been used to prepare solutions and even crystals of electrides, in which trapped electrons can play the role of anion. Typical examples are [K(cryptand)]+e and [Cs(18-crown- 

Lithium imides (imidolithiums) are air-sensitive compounds of general formula 

Lithium imides have proved to be useful reagents for the synthesis of imino derivatives of a wide variety of other elements, e.g. Be, B, Al, Si, P, Mo, W and Fe as in equation (3). 

When R and R are both aryl groups the resulting lithium imides are amorphous, insoluble 

Lithium imides (imidolithiums) are air-sensitive compounds of general formula (RR C=NLi) . They can be prepared in high yield either by the addition of an organolithium compound across the triple bond of a nitrile (equation (1)) or by lithiation of a ketimine (equation (2)). 

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Hydrosilylation of Ketones, Amides, Imides and Related Compounds.232... 

The water solubilities of M(OH)2 (M = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) increase down the group, as do their thermal stabilities with respect to decomposition into MO and H2O. Magnesium hydroxide acts as a weak base, whereas Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2 and Ba(OH)2 are strong bases. Soda lime is a mixture of NaOH and Ca(OH)2 and is manufactured from CaO and aqueous NaOH. Soda lime is easier to handle than NaOH and is commercially available, being used, for example, as an absorbent for CO2, and in qualitative tests for [NUi] salts, amides, imides and related compounds which evolve NH3 when heated with soda lime. 

Several related compounds, in which either the isopropyl group of the oxazoline moiety has been modified or this latter fragment was replaced by chiral imidazole units, have been obtained following a similar procedure. These and related compounds were found to be the most active catalysts for the rearrangement of prochiral allylic imidates to allylic amides with high enantioselectivities. " ... 

Much the same activity is retained when the nitrogen atoms in the heterocyclic nucleus are shifted around. The convergent scheme to this related compound starts with the acylation of alanine (35-1) with butyryl chloride (35-2). The thus-produced amide (35-3) is then again acylated, this time with the half-acid chloride from ethyl oxalate in the presence of DMAP and pyridine to afford the intermediate (35-4). In the second arm of the scheme, the benzonitrile (35-5) is reacted with the aluminate (35-6), itself prepared from trimethyl aluminum and ammonium chloride, to form the imidate (35-7). Treatment of this intermediate with hydrazine leads to the replacement of one of the imidate nitrogen atoms by the reagent by an addition-elimination sequence to form (35-8). Condensation of this product with (35-4) leads to the formation of the triazine (35-9). Phosphorus oxychloride then closes the second ring... 

H50) and imidates (53) and (54). The reaction with amides can be veiy sensitive to ring size and substitution patterns whereas compounds (45) and (46) give lactams, the closely related (51) and also (52)2 2 give cyclic imidates (Scheme 72). In some cases the problem is overcome by use of an imidate starting material.2 2... 

The crystal chemistry of solid inorganic nitrides, azides, amides and imides is reviewed systematically. Many of the structures unique to nitrides are illustrated and analyzed. We give full crystallographic data for all compounds with well determined structures and list derived bond valences and Madelung potentials. Similarities to and differences from oxide chemistry are pointed out and general principles relating to structure and bonding in nitrides are elucidated. 

Amino acids Schiff Bases, Hydrazones and Oximes Amides, Imides and Hydrazides Iminodiacetic Acid and Related Poly dentate Ligands Azo Compounds Heterocycles... 

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