Imidazohne derivative

Feng, L.J., H.Y. Yang, and F.H. Wang, Experimental and theoretical studies for corrosion inhibition of carbon steel by imidazohne derivative in 5% NaCI saturated Ca(OH)(2) solution. Elec-trochimica Acta, 2011. 58 p. 427 36. 

Cationic The only cationic surfactant found in any quantity in the environment is ditallow dimethylammonium chloride, which is mainly the quaternary ammonium salt distearyldimethylammonium chloride. The organic chemistry and characterization of cationic surfactants has been reported and reviewed [149-153]. The different types of cationic surfactants are fatty acid amides, amidoamine, imidazohne, petroleum feed stock derived surfactants, nitrile-derived surfactants, aromatic and cychc surfactants, nonnitrogen containing compounds, polymeric cationic surfactants and amine oxides [152-157]. 

The first example of the application of pincer complex catalysts for selective synthesis involves aldol type of reactions involving imines and isocyanoacetates. In aldol [13-27] and Michael addition [13, 28-34] reactions, palladium pincer complexes have usually been employed as Lewis acid catalysts, for the first time by Richards and coworkers [13, 28]. This also means that the palladium(II) atom in these processes is not involved in redox reactions, and therefore reduction to palladium(O) does not happen. The aldol and the Michael reactions are useful C-C bond-forming reactions. In these processes, new stereocenters are generated, and therefore the processes can be used for stereoselective synthesis. A typical example is the reaction of suUbnimines (2) with isocyanoacetate (3) to form imidazohne (4) derivatives. The imidazolines can be easily hydrolyzed to diamino acid derivatives in a one-pot process (Figure 4.2) [24]. 

The Maruoka group described an efficient enantioselective synthesis of optically active a-methyl serine derivatives by using their structurally simpHfied catalyst (S)-36b under mild phase-transfer conditions [107]. The asymmetric synthesis of a-alkyl cysteines, a-alkyl-a,p-diamino propionic acids, a-alkyl homoserines, and a-alkyl homocysteines was also carried out via the asymmetric phase-transfer catalytic a-alkylation of thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid tert-butyl esters 75, imidazoHne-4-carboxylic acid tert-butyl esters 76, and the six-membered ring substrates 77 and 78 [108]. 

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