Imaging performance

A sensor array where different haptens are immobilized at well-defined areas on a plain glass surface has been developed [66], Using an automated flow injection system it was possible to incubate all areas on the chip with analytes, specific antibodies, secondary HRP-labeled antibodies, and CL substrate. Measurement of the light output via imaging performed with a CCD device allowed determination of the analytes present in the sample on the basis of the spatial localization of the CL signal. 

Where is a convolution integral and FT is the Fourier transform. The phase-contrast imaging performance of an HRTEM is controlled by sin y, which contains the basic phase-contrast sinusoidal terms modified by an envelope... 

Fig. 6. Ultrasound imaging of a dilute microbubble dispersion in normal saline (right). Comparison with imaging of control normal saline (left). Imaging performed using a contrast pulse inversion scheme. Samples placed on top of an ultrasound tissue phantom (bottom)...

Fig. 8. Concentration dependence of ultrasound backscatter signal by plates coated with a layer of targeted microbubbles. Surface concentrations of microbubbles (as observed by bright-field optical microscopy, bottom) increase from left to right. Imaging performed using a fundamental frequency scheme. Samples placed on top of an ultrasound tissue phantom. Reprinted from Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews v. 37, A.L. Klibanov, Targeted delivery of gas-filled microspheres, contrast agents for ultrasound imaging, p. 145. Copyright, 1999, with permission from Elsevier Science...

Wickramasinghe, H. K. (1979). Contrast and imaging performance in the scanning acoustic microscope. /. Appl. Phys. 50,664—72. [108]... 

We have utilized a performance metric that is suitable for comparing the imaging performance for large spatial areas of two different systems. The figure of merit we employ is the number of pixels per minute (pixpm) that can be recorded for specified data quality (SNR of absorbance spectra) at defined spectral and spatial resolution, apodization and wavelength bandpass. Since the SNR of recorded data can be anticipated to scale with the data acquisition time (as V ), the adjustment allows for easy comparisons of detectors with different sizes and performance. Consider the comparison between two detectors in terms of the ratio of their pixpm output as... 

E. Jacobs, R. G. Driggers, K. Krapels, F. C. De Lucia, and D. Petkie, Terahertz imaging performance model for concealed weapon identification, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, vol. 5619, pp. 98, 2004. 

Figure 3.16. STEM image performed in SEM on cryo-ultramicrotomed sections of P(S-ABu)/MWCNT nanocomposites films in annular dark-field conditions at 30 kV the contrast between the fillers and the matrix is important. Scale bar 500 nm.

The imaging performance of the CW-NMRI system can be demonstrated by showing 2- and 3-D images of a rigid polymer such as poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (Perspex/Plexiglas). Spectroscopic investigations carried out on this... 

For this test, the target was scanned by the read-out beam in 256 x 256 steps. The full width of the point-spread function (PSF) is 3 pixels, corresponding to 43 TV-line pairs . At FWHM, the width is 1.5 pixels, or 85 TV-line pairs . Thus the 256 pixels in both directions are not at all independent. This result clearly shows the degradation of the imaging performances of a Vidicon system by the scintillation screen. 

Consider now the same arrangement of A and A embedded in En+1, by regarding E" as a subspace of En+L A two-dimensional rotation in En+1 is defined by its (n-l)-dimensional axis and by the angle a of rotation in the remaining two dimensions. [Note that in a k-dimensional space, the axis of rotation is (k-2)-dimensional.] Choose the rotation axis in En+ as the (n-l)-dimensional subset defined as the reflection hyperplane E"- of condition x i = 0 in E". With respect to this axis, a rotation of angle a = 7C in the two-dimensional plane spanned by coordinates (xi, x +i) superimposes A on A in (n+l)-dimensions. Consequently, the object A is achiral in (n+l)-dimensions (i.e., when embedded in space E"+ ). Furthermore, the superimposition of mirror images performed in En+1 is a possible motion in any Euclidean space En+k (> of which En+ is a subspace, hence A is achiral in any higher dimensions. Consequently, chirality may occur only in the lowe.st dimension where A is embeddable. Q.E.D. 

N. Gupta and V. B. Voloshinov, Hyperspectral imaging performance of a Te02 imaging acousto-optic tunable filter in the ultraviolet region, Opt Lett. 30, p. 985-987 (2005). 

The imaging performance of poly(vinyl cinnamate) when exposed by a medium-pressure mercury arc lamp is poor. This is due to the mismatch between the absorption spectrum of the cinnamoyl group (with absorbance maximum at 280 nm) and the spectral emission of the mercury arc. The absorption spectrum of poly(vinyl cinnamate) does not overlap with most of the strong emission lines of a mercury arc lamp. This problem can be overcome by spectral sensitization, for example, with the addition of 5% of Michler s ketone, or by the replacement of the cinnamoyl group with a chromophore such as in poly(vinyl cinnamylidene acetate) (IV) that absorbs at longer wavelengths. ... 

In 1993, researchers at MIT Lincoln Labs and IBM reported that polymethacrylates were highly transparent to 193-nm radiation, and they were able to obtain excellent imaging performance at that wavelength. Their resist was... 

The basis of the imaging performance similarities and differences in terms of resolution and depth of focus, respectively, between immersion and dry lithography can be derived as follows. The nonparaxial scaling equations (applicable in systems with high angles of incidence) for resolution in dry and immersion lithographies are given by " ... 

The Bragg concentrator configuration we considered for performance evaluation has been a set of confocal paraboloidal mirrors. The paraboloids do not offer the best imaging performance, even though they allow to achieve angular resolutions of a few arcmin, that represent a remarkable improve-... 

The need to evaluate the sensitivity and resolution of a gamma ray spectrometer and imager for the INTEGRAL mission has prompted the development of a general software facility to simulate the design, operation and imaging performance of coded aperture instruments. The software developed is suited to the simulation of an instrument comprising (Fig 1) ... 

The design, operation and imaging performance of an instrument are simulated by six main tasks (Fig 2) ... 

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