Imaginary

The comparison between measured data and simulated data are good for both real and imaginary parts. The measured signal has a low resolution due to the low interaction between the eddy current and the slot. 

The comparison between measured data and simulated data are good for the imaginary part, but differences appear for the real part. The ratio between simulated data and measured data is about 0.75 for TRIFOU calculation, and 1.33 for the specialised code. Those differences for the real part of the impedance signal can be explained because of the low magnitude of real part compared to imaginary part signal. 

Interpretation of the impedance signal for set 2 (imaginary part function of the probe position along the slot)... 

The isotropic part has not changed. The quasi pressure (qP) curve splits up into a real and an imaginary branch . During this real part the transversal share of the polarization increases until the wave becomes a quasi shear vertical wave. Furthermore, the wave is not anymore a propagating but an evanescent wave in this part. The branch is again only real, it is part of the quasi shear vertical (qSV) curve of the homogeneous case (dotted line), its polarization is dominated by the transversal share and the wave is a propagating one. For the branches (real) and... 

The variation response of the real and imaginary parts of the impedance in function of the frequency, with or without the sample presence. 

When we equalize the real part and the imaginary part, we obtain ... 

Measurement of real- and imaginary part of a coil complex impedance... 

A common known method to get eddy-current informations about material flaws is the measurement of real- and imaginary part of the complex impedance of a coil in absolute circuit. The measurement, shown in this paper, are done with an impedance analyzer (HP4192A). The device measures the serial inductance L, and the serial resistance Rs of the complex impedance with an auto-balance bridge measurement circuit [5]. 

In contrast to metals, most studies have concentrated on insulators and semiconductors where the optical structure readily lends itself to a straightforward interpretation. Within certain approximations, the imaginary part of the dielectric fiinction for semiconducting or insulating crystals is given by... 

Once the imaginary part of the dielectric function is known, the real part can be obtained from the Kramers-Kronig relation ... 

It is possible to understand the fine structure in the reflectivity spectrum by examining the contributions to the imaginary part of the dielectric fiinction. If one considers transitions from two bands (v c), equation A1.3.87 can be written as... 

In figure A1.3.20 and figure Al.3.21 the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric fimction are illustrated for... 

Figure Al.3.21. Imaginary part of the dielectric function for silicon. The experimental work is from [31], The theoretical work is from an empirical pseudopotential calculation [25],...

There is, or may be, an iimer layer of specifically adsorbed anions on the surface these anions have displaced one or more solvent molecules and have lost part of their iimer solvation sheath. An imaginary plane can be drawn tlirough the centres of these anions to fomi the inner Helmholtz plane (IHP). 

The layer of solvent molecules not directly adjacent to the metal is the closest distance of approach of solvated cations. Since the enthalpy of solvation of cations is nomially substantially larger than that of anions, it is nomially expected that tiiere will be insufBcient energy to strip the cations of their iimer solvation sheaths, and a second imaginary plane can be drawn tlirough the centres of the solvated cations. This second plane is temied the outer Helmholtz plane (OHP). 

Zhu J J and Cukier R I 1995 An imaginary energy method-based formulation of a quantum rate theory J. Chem. Phys. 102 4123... 

This integral can be done by contour integration using the contours in figure A3.11.2. For the +ie choice, the contour m figure A3.11.2(a) is appropriate for v < v as the circular part has a negative imaginary k which... 

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