IFOAM

The implementation of the definition of organic farming is based on the Basic Standards for Organic Agriculture and Processing of the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM). 

The key characteristics of organic farming have been considered in the regulations of the IFOAM Basic Standards. These usually consist of three levels of regulations  

minimum requirements or restrictions which exclude the use of certain substances or practices  

general rules describing necessary practices in general, or demanding more detailed rules by certifying bodies which outline strategies of avoidance and preventive measures and 

recommendations of how to achieve the objectives of these general rules. 

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Dabbert, S. (2000) Organic farming and the Common Agricultural Policy A European Perspective. Proceedings of the 13th International IFOAM Scientific Conference, Basel, Switzerland, pp 611-14. 

Lah, B., Bovolenta, S., D Agaro, E., de Ros, G. Menta, G. (2002) Organic cattle farming in Italy Four case studies in the Italian Simmental breed. Proceedings of the 14th IFOAM Organic World Congress, Victoria BC, Canada, p. 83. 

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