Hypoxia-inducible transcription factor

Kallio, P.J., W.J. Wilson, S. O Brien, Y. Makino, and L. Poellinger (1999). Regulation of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1 alpha by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 274 6519-6525. 

AA serves as an important cofactor for enzymes. Lack of AA in food causes scurvy in humans due to inefficient collagen synthesis, caused by the inactivation of the Fe(II)-activating prolyl hydroxylase and lysyl hydroxylase which catalyze the formation of hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine as essential components for collagens. Prolyl hydroxylases can also hydroxylate conserved prolyl residues in the alpha subunit of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor, which signals for proteasomal degradation of the transcription factor . The proper action of these hydrolases requires dioxygen, thus they can act... 

Sowter HM, Raval RR, Moore JW, Ratcliffe PJ, Harris AL. 54. Predominant role of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF)-... 

Figure 16.23. Alteration of Gene Expression in Tumors Due to Hypoxia. The hypoxic conditions inside a tumor mass lead to the activation of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF-1), which induces metabolic adaptation (increase in glycolytic enzymes) and activates angiogenic factors that stimulate the growth of new blood vessels. [Adapted from C. V. Dang and G. L. Semenza. Trends Biochem. Sci. 24(1999) 68-72.]...

Oehme F, Ellinghaus P, Kolkhof P, Smith TJ, Ramakrishnan S, et al. 2002. Overexpression of PH-4, a novel putative proline 4-hydroxylase, modulates activity of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors. Biochem Biophys Res Com 296 343-349. 

Huang LE, Arany Z, Livingston DM, et al. (1996) Activation of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor depends primarily upon redox-sensitive stabilization of its alpha subunit. J Biol Chem 271 32253-32259... 

Bmegge K, JeUonann W, Metzen E (2007) Hydroxylation of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors and chemical compounds targeting the HlF-alpha hydroxylases. Curr Med Chem 14 1853-1862... 

In humans, the enzyme that puts oxygen onto collagen fibers. .. C. Loenarz et al. The hypoxia-inducible transcription factor pathway regulates oxygen sensing in the... 

More Than a Hypoxia-Inducible Transcription Factor... 

Clearly, this review is far from providing a complete summary of all articles touching the field of normoxic HlF-la induction. As mentioned at the beginning, all normoxic HIF-la-inducing chemical compounds are omitted in the discussion as well as the HIF-la-interacting proteins. But considering the complete menu presented here, it becomes evident that HIF-1 is much more than only a hypoxia-inducible transcription factor. 

Aragon s J, Jones DR, Martin S, San Juan MA, Alfianca A, Vida F, Vara A, M6rida I, Landazuri MO. Evidence for the involvement of diacylglycerol kinase in the activation of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1 by low oxygen tension. J Biol Chem 2001 276 10548-10555. 

The most common approach to treat anemia and associated diseases has been the administration of recombinantly produced EPO (rhEPO) however, the option to correct EPO deficiencies by means of increasing EPO gene expression has also been evaluated since the mechanisms of cellular oxygen sensing and the hypoxia signal pathway were elucidated. " The hypoxia-inducible (transcription) factor (HIF), which was shown to be under the control of the arterial oxygen tension, plays a major role in the EPO gene expression. HIF is composed of a heterodimer that consists of the two subunits HIF-la and HIF-ip, both of which are continuously produced and required to... 

Bruick, R. (2003) Oxygen sensing in the hypoxic response pathway Regulation of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor. Genes Development, 17,2614-2623. 

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