3- Hydroxypropionic acid microbial production

Lactic acid (LA), 2-hydroxypropionic acid, is the simplest hydroxyl acid. It has a long history, and it has existed from at least four to five thousand years ago for preservation of human foodstuffs by fermentation (Davidson et al., 1995). LA was first discovered in sour milk by Scheele in 1780, who initially considered it a milk component. In 1789, Lavoisier named this milk component acide lactique, which became the possible origin of the current terminology for LA. And later, Pasteur discovered that LA was not a milk component but a fermentation metabolite generated by certain microorganisms (Wee et al., 2006). In 1839, Fremy demonstrated fermentative production of LA from various kinds of carbohydrates such as sucrose, lactose, mannitol, starch, and dextrin. The first commercial production of LA started in the United States by a microbial process in 1881 (Vijayakumar et al., 2008). 

Microbial Production of 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid From Renewable Sources A Green Approach as an Alternative to Conventional Chemistry... 

MICROBIAL PRODUCTION OF 3-HYDROXYPROPIONIC ACID FROM RENEWABLE SOURCES... 

Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) is a valuable platform chemical that can be produced from glucose or glycerol by biological processes. This chapter provides an overview and the current status of microbial 3-HP production. It also describes various constraints of microbial 3-HP production and possible solutions. Finally, economic outlook and future prospects of biological 3-HP production are discussed. 

Microbial Production of 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid from Renewable Sources A Green Approach as an Alternative to Conventional Chemistry, in Bioprocessing of Renewable Resources to Commodity Bioproducts (eds V. S. Bisaria and A. Kondo), John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA. 

Matsakasa, L., Topakasa, T., Ghristakopoulosb, P., 2014. New trends in microbial production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid. Gurrent Biochemical Engineering 1,141-154. 

Tokuyama, K., Ohno, S., Yoshikawa, K., Hirasawa, T., Tanaka, S., Furusawa, C., Shimizu, H., 2014. Increased 3-hydroxypropionic acid production from glycerol, by modification of central metabolism in Escherichia coli. Microbial CeU Factories 13,64. http //dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2859-13-64. 

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