Hydroxyapatite alginate

A collagen/nano-hydroxyapatite/alginate hydrogel system, which has not only high osteoconductive activity but also excellent injectability and sustained release ability, bas been developed by Cao et al. (2012), while Wen and co-workers report on similar composite for the delivery of BMP-2 protein (Wen etal., 2011). 

Sivakumar, M. and K. P. Rao. 2003. Preparation, characterization, and in vitro release of gentamicin from coralline hydroxyapatite-alginate composite microspheres. / Biomed Mater Res A 65(2) 222-8. 

There are several reports on the coating of bone-like hydroxyapatite onto natural polymer substrates. Kawashita et at. [57] reported that carboxymethylated chitin and gellan gum gels, which have carboxyl groups, can form hydroxyapatite on their surfaces in SBF if they are treated with a saturated Ca(OH)2 solution in advance, while curdlan gel, which has no carboxyl group, does not form hydroxyapatite in SBF, even if it is treated with Ca(OH)2 solution. These results support the hypothesis that carboxyl groups induce hydroxyapatite nucleation. Kokubo et at. [58,59] reported that non-woven fabrics of carboxymethylated chitin and alginate fibers also form hydroxyapatite on their surfaces in SBF if they are treated with Ca(OH)2 solution. 

Several other biodegradable, biocompatible, injectable polymers are being investigated for drug delivery systems. They include polyvinyl alcohol, block copolymer of PLA-PEG, polycyanoacrylate, polyanhydrides, cellulose, alginate, collagen, gelatin, albumin, starches, dextrans, hyaluronic acid and its derivatives, and hydroxyapatite. ... 

Zhang, J. Wang, Q. Wang, A. In situ generation of sodium alginate/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite beads as drug-controlled release matrices. Acta. Biomater. 2010, 6 (2), 445-454. 

Alginate microparticles CoUagen/ hydroxyapatite scaffold VEGF Bone tissue engineering Quilan et al. [65]... 

Quinlan E, Lopez-Noriega A, Thompson E, KeUy HM, Cryan SA, O Brien FJ. Development of coUagen-hydroxyapatite scaffolds incorporating PLGA and alginate microparticles for the controhed delivery of rhBMP-2 for bone tissue engineering. J Control Release 2015 198 71-9. 

Lin, H.R., Yeh, Y.J., 2004. Porous alginate/hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering preparation, characterization, and in vitro studies. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater. 71 (1), 52-65. 

Ishikawa, K., Miyamoto, M., Takechi, M., Toh, T., Kon, M., Nagayama, M., and Asaoka, K. 1997. Non-decay type fast-setting calcium phosphate cement Hydroxyapatite putty containing an increased amount of sodium alginate. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 36 393-99. 

Maxson, S. and Burg, K.J. 2010. Conditioned media enhance osteogenic differentiation on Poly(L-lactide-co-epsilon-caprolactone)/hydroxyapatite scaffolds and chondrogenic differentiation in alginate. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 21(ll) 1441-58. 

Bouropoulos, N., Stampolakis, A., and Mouzakis, D.E. (2010) Dynamic mechanical properties of calcium alginate-hydroxyapatite nanocomposite hydrogels. Sci. Adv. Mater., 2, 1-4. 

S. Sotome, et al.(2004) Synthesis and in vivo evaluation of a novel hydroxyapatite/collagen-alginate as a bone filler and a drug delivery carrier of bone morphogenetic protein. Materials Science and Engineering C 24 341-347. 

Murugan, R. and Rao, K.P. (2002). Biodegradable corafiine hydroxyapatite composite gel using natural alginate. Bioceramics 15 407-10. 

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