4-hydroxyalkanoic acid epoxide

Zeolites have also been described as efficient catalysts for acylation,11 for the preparation of acetals,12 and proved to be useful for acetal hydrolysis13 or intramolecular lactonization of hydroxyalkanoic acids,14 to name a few examples of their application. A number of isomerizations and skeletal rearrangements promoted by these porous materials have also been reported. From these, we can underline two important industrial processes such as the isomerization of xylenes,2 and the Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime to e-caprolactam,15 which is an intermediate for polyamide manufacture. Other applications include the conversion of n-butane to isobutane,16 Fries rearrangement of phenyl esters,17 or the rearrangement of epoxides to carbonyl compounds.18... 

Triglycerides, Soybean oil. Castor oU, Sunflower oil. Oil-based polymers. Fatty acids, Epoxidized oils. Interpenetrating networks, CrossUnking of oils. Oil-based polyurethanes, OU-hased polyamides. Oil-based polyester-amides. Oil-based alkyd resins. Oil-based polyesters. Oil-based poly(hydroxyalkanoates)... 

Linseed oil-based medium chain length poly(hydroxyalkanoate) with a high concentration of unsaturated side chains may also be epoxidised using m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid at room temperature. Epoxidation results in a 37% conversion of olefinic to epoxy groups and the resin is cured at room temperature to obtain films with a high mechanical strength. ... 

Some bacteria can degrade epoxides, converting them into p-keto acids. For example, in Xanthobacter Py2, poly-p-hydroxyalkanoates are produced [70,71]. The epoxide degradation seems to be regulated by the presence or absence... 

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