Hydrogen polyaniline

Croissant MJ, Nappom T, Leger J-M, Lamy C. 1998. Electrocatal3tiic oxidation of hydrogen at platinum-modified polyaniline electrodes. Electrochim Acta 43 2447-2457. 

Y. Wang, J. Huang, C. Zhang, J. Wei, and X. Zhou, Determination of hydrogen peroxide in rainwater by using a polyaniline film and platinum particles co-modified carbon fiber microelectrode. 

Polyaniline-modified electrodes allow electrometric determination of hydrogen peroxide produced in aminooxidase systems, without interference of electroreactive amino acids, such as cysteine, histidine, methionine, tyrosine and tryptophan359. 

The polymer resulting from oxidation of 3,5-dimethyl aniline with palladium was also studied by transmission electron microscopy (Mallick et al. 2005). As it turned out, the polymer was formed in nanofibers. During oxidative polymerization, palladium ions were reduced and formed palladium metal. The generated metal was uniformly dispersed between the polymer nanofibers as nanoparticles of 2 mm size. So, Mallick et al. (2005) achieved a polymer- metal intimate composite material. This work should be juxtaposed to an observation by Newman and Blanchard (2006) that reaction between 4-aminophenol and hydrogen tetrachloroaurate leads to polyaniline (bearing hydroxyl groups) and metallic gold as nanoparticles. Such metal nanoparticles can well be of importance in the field of sensors, catalysis, and electronics with improved performance. 

Stockton WB, Rubner MF (1997) Molecular-level processing of conjugated polymers. 4. Layer-by-layer manipulation of polyaniline via hydrogen-bonding interactions. Macromolecules 30 2717-2725... 

Polyaniline was converted into A -t-BOC polyaniline, (I), by Lee [1] to reduce intermolecular hydrogen bonding when used in conductive polymer applications. 

Organic polymers attracted considerable interest for hydrogen storage when uptake capacities of 6-8 wt% were reported for polyaniline (PAni) and polyprrrole (Ppy) at room temperature [64, 65], Unfortunately, these results could not be reproduced independently, instead room temperature values of less than 0.5 wt% at pressures up to 94bar were subsequently observed for similar samples [66, 67]. 

Different electron-conducting polymers (polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene) are considered as convenient substrates for the electrodeposition of highly dispersed metal electrocatalysts. The preparation and the characterization of electronconducting polymers modified by noble metal nanoparticles are first discussed. Then, their catalytic activities are presented for many important electrochemical reactions related to fuel cells oxygen reduction, hydrogen oxidation, oxidation of Cl molecules (formic acid, formaldehyde, methanol, carbon monoxide), and electrooxidation of alcohols and polyols. 

Keywords polyaniline hydrogen peroxide, nanomaterials glufosinate glyphosate sertraline fluoxetine pesticide anti-depressant horseradish peroxidase Cytochrome... 

Figure 8 is a possible redox cycle occurring in an amperometric sensor for hydrogen peroxide involving enzyme-wiring of a typical enzyme (Horseradish peroxidase, HRP) with polyaniline. HRP immobilized on the electrode surface can be oxidized by H2O2 to compound I that contains an oxyferryl centre with the iron in the ferryl state (Fclv = O), and a porphyrin 7r cation radical, followed by further direct (mediatorless) electroreduction of compound I at the electrode surface to the initial HRP state [106], The electrode is considered as an electron donor. 

Inelastic neutron scattering studies have shown [7-11] that many hydrogen-bonded crystals [potassium carbonate (i.e., KHCO3), various polyanilines, Ca(OH)2, and others] are characterized by the proton dynamics that is very decoupled from the backbone lattice. 

The system was first applied for development of chemosensors for gaseous hydrogen chloride. Polyaniline, and its copolymers with different derivates of aniline were used. Then a similar approach was tested in the author s group for optimization of amperometric biosensors for glucose based on electrocatalytical detection of hydrogen peroxide. A pigment Prussian blue was used as an electrocatalyst for decomposition of this product of enzymatic oxidation of... 

This analysis technology was applied to screening of chemosensitive properties of polyanilines and copolymers of anilines and aniline derivatives. Combinatorial libraries were prepared by electrically addressed polymerization.42 43 Gaseous hydrogen chloride was selected as an analyte. The measured signal was electrical resistance detected simultaneously by 2 and 4-point techniques (s24 technique44,52), and the ratio of these values provides information on the contribution of the polymer/contact resistance into the total resistance measured by 2-point configuration. 

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