Hydrogen oxidation and production

Armstrong FA, Belsey NA, Cracknell JA, et al. Dynamic electrochemical investigations of hydrogen oxidation and production by enzymes and implications for future technology. Chem Soc Rev. 2009 38(1) 36—51. 

Wilson, A.D., Newell, R.H., McNevin, M.J., Muckerman, J.T., Rakowski DuBois, M., and DuBois, D.L. 2006. Hydrogen oxidation and production using nickel-based molecular catalysts with positioned proton relays. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 358-366. 

A major product in the combustion of all organic sulfur compounds is sulfur dioxide. Sulfur dioxide has a well-known inhibiting effect on hydrocarbon and hydrogen oxidation and, indeed, is responsible for a self-inhibition in the oxidation of organic sulfur compounds. This inhibition most likely arises from its role in the removal of H atoms by the termolecular reaction... 

Wild-type microorganisms such as hydrogen-oxidizing and methanogenic bacteria would be competitors, growing like weeds, in systems for H2 production, and have to be excluded. 

Mild oxidation of o-nitrobenzaldehyde arylhydrazones with either bromine and sodium acetate or lead tetraacetate results in the overall loss of two hydrogen atoms and production of a class of iV-aryl heterocycles, tiie structure of which was the subject of uncertainty and some controversy for more than fifty years. These oxidation products were first prepared and investigated by Chattawayj " who described them as isodiazomethanes and formulated them as the triaziridine derivates 72. Structural assignment was based entirely on evidence from degradation studies in particular, Chattaway showed that reduction of... 

The present volume contains the text of the lectures followed by those of the communications, the latter being classified under three main topics Hydrogenation, Oxidation and Acid Catalysis. All the communications were read by two referees, who obliged authors in many cases to present revised versions. In most of the papers the emphasis is placed on the selectivity of the reactions, taking into consideration all its aspects chemo-, regio- and stereoselectivity (including enantioselectivity). If the comprehension of the parameters (physicochemical characteristics of the catalysts, operating conditions, etc.) which determine this selectivity sometimes imposes the choice of simple reactions, various syntheses of complex products of industrial interest are also reported. 

Reduction of Metal Oxides and Production of Metals Using Non-Thermal Hydrogen Plasma... 

The best catalysts for the electrochemical oxidation and production of hydrogen are platinum metal and the hydrogenase enzymes. Both catalyze the reaction of two protons with two electrons to form H2, as shown in Equation 7.1. Because of its superior catalytic rates and overpotentials compared to other metals and because of its high stabihty compared to hydrogenase enzymes, platinum is currently used as the catalyst for both half reactions (the oxidation of H2 and the reduction of O2) in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells, which have been proposed for automotive transportation [1]. However, the high cost of platinum provides a strong impetus for developing less expensive alternatives. 

An astonishing aspect of formic acid oxidation on palladium is the formation of CO2 at potentials of hydrogen oxidation and oxygen evolution. On-line mass spectroscopy analysis of volatile products reveals the production of CO2 not only in the double-layer region but also near 0.25 and 1.75 V [101]. The fact that the current and the CO mass signal during a potential scan do not follow the same pattern indicates that HCOOH oxidation proceeds through parallel mechanisms. 

Mahapatra SS, Dutta A, Datta J (2011) Temperature dependence on methanol oxidation and product formation on Pt and Pd modified Pt electrodes in alkaline medium. Int J Hydrogen Energy 36 14873-14883... 

Processes employed in biorefinery concepts to convert biomass feedstock into marketable products include biochemical (e.g., anaerobic digestion, microbial fermentation, enzymatic conversion), chemical (e.g., hydrolysis, transesterification, hydrogenation, oxidation), and thermochemical (e.g., pyrolysis, gasification) processes. 

Alcohol Oxidation for Hydrogen Storage and Production Irradiation-Promoted Oxidations... 

Moreover, other perspectives for alcohol oxidation have been tested, including atom-efficient transformations (e.g., direct synthesis of esters), hydrogen transfer and production, oxidation of natural substrates, such as cellulose, cascade and sequential reactions, etc. 

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