Hydrogen compounds of nitrogen

Ammonia is one of the most important compounds of nitrogen. It is a colorless, toxic gas that has a characteristic irritating odor. As noted in previous discussions, the NH3 molecule is basic (Rfc = 1.8 X 10 ). (Section 16.7) 

In which of these species is the oxidation number of nitrogen +3  

A FIGURE 22.22 Sequence of conversion of N2 into common nitrogen compounds. 

Is the N—N bond length in these molecules shorter or longer than the N—N bond length in N2  

A FIGURE 22.23 Hydrazine (top, N2H4) and methylhydrazine (bottom, CHsNHNH.  

In the laboratory, NH3 can be prepared by the action of NaOH on an ammonium salt. The NH4 ion, which is the conjugate acid of NH3, transfers a proton to OH . The resultant NH3 is volatile and is driven from the solution by mild heating  

Commercial production of NH3 is achieved by the Haber process Nzte) +3H2( ) ---------------------- 2NH3( ) 

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Name the simplest hydrogen compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony. Compare the stability of these hydrides when heated. Compare any ability they may possess to unite with water to form bases, and with acids to form salts. 

Nitrogen and Phosphorus 24-13 Occurrence of Nitrogen 24-14 Hydrogen Compounds of Nitrogen... 

Ammonia (NH3) is the most important commercial compound of nitrogen. It is produced by the Haber Process. Natural gas (methane, CH4) is reacted with steam to produce carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas (H2) in a two step... 

Common reducing agents are hydrogen in the presence of metallic or complex catalysts (e.g. Ni, Pd, Pt, Ru, Rh), hydrides (e.g. alanes, boranes, LIAIH, NaBHJ, reducing metals (e.g. Li, Na, Mg, Ca, Zn), and low-valent compounds of nitrogen (e.g. NjHj, NjHJ, phosphorus (e.g. triethyl phosphite, triphenyiphosphine), and sulfur (e.g. HO-CHj-SOjNa = SFS, sodium dithionite = Na S O. ... 

The important compounds of nitrogen with hydrogen are ammonia, Irydrazine, and hydrazoic acid, the parent of the shock-sensitive azides. Phosphine forms neutral solutions in water reaction of phosphorous halides with water produces oxoacids without change in oxidation number. 

Ammonia is produced in huge quantities, and it is by far the most common and important compound of nitrogen and hydrogen. Approximately 30 billion pounds of NH3 are used annually with a large portion being used as fertilizer or in the production of nitric acid. Ammonia is produced by the Haber... 

Another compound of nitrogen and hydrogen is diimine, N2H2, which has the structure HN=NH. The compound decomposes to give N2 and H2, but it is believed to be a transient species in some reactions. The reactions that lead to formation of diimine can be summarized as follows ... 

Example A compound of nitrogen and hydrogen has an empirical formula NH2. The molar mass of the compound is 32 g mol-1. Calculate the molecular formula of the compound (relative atomic masses N = 14, H = 1). 

The approximate boiling points for hydrogen compounds of some elements in the nitrogen family are (SbH3 15°C), (AsH3 -62°C), (PH3 —87°C), and (NH3 —33°C). The best explanation for the fact that NH3 does not follow the trend of the other hydrogen compounds is... 

Ammonia (NH3) and hydrazine (N2H4) are both binary compounds of nitrogen and hydrogen. Based on the law of multiple proportions, how many grams of hydrogen would you expect 2.34 g of nitrogen to combine with to yield ammonia To yield hydrazine ... 

For sodium triimide, vide the action of sodium on hydrazine. The inclination of nitrogen to form long chains and closed rings is far less than is the case with carbon with the latter, there seems an almost unlimited number of hydrogen compounds with nitrogen, comparatively few are known, and these are usually unstable bodies, often explosive. 

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