Hydrogen autothermal reforming

Hydrogen production by methanol autothermal reforming with high conductivity honeycomb supports... 

Liu, D. et al., Characterization of kilowatt-scale autothermal reformer for production of hydrogen from heavy hydrocarbons, Int. ]. Hydrogen Energ., 29,1035, 2004. 

Table 7 References on oxidative steam reforming (OSR) and autothermal reforming of ethanol for hydrogen production... 

As well as the previously described methods of hydrogen production, there are other commercial processes whose application is restricted to specialised production conditions. These include the partial oxidation of heavy hydrocarbons, autothermal reforming and the Kvcerner process. In addition, there are numerous production processes that are still at the basic research stage, but show promising potential. These primarily include thermochemical hydrogen production, photochemical and biological processes. The main characteristics of these methods are outlined below. For a more detailed discussion, please refer to the relevant specialist literature. 

Today, different processes (steam reforming, autothermal reforming, partial oxidation, gasification) are available and commercially mature for hydrogen production from natural gas or coal. These processes would have to be combined with technologies for C02 capture and storage (CCS), to keep the emissions profile low. A power plant that combines electricity and hydrogen production can be more efficient than retrofitted C02 separation systems for conventional power plants. 

There are three major gas reformate requirements imposed by the various fuel cells that need addressing. These are sulfur tolerance, carbon monoxide tolerance, and carbon deposition. The activity of catalysts for steam reforming and autothermal reforming can also be affected by sulfur poisoning and coke formation. These requirements are applicable to most fuels used in fuel cell power units of present interest. There are other fuel constituents that can prove detrimental to various fuel cells. However, these appear in specific fuels and are considered beyond the scope of this general review. Examples of these are halides, hydrogen chloride, and ammonia. Finally, fuel cell power unit size is a characteristic that impacts fuel processor selection. 

Hydrogen Burner Technology (HBT) (28) was founded to bring to market reformer systems based on the principles of under-oxidized combustion (E OB ). These systems use either non-catalyzed partial oxidation reformers or catalyzed autothermal reformers. The systems for fuel cell applications include all of the components required to deliver anode-ready gas and to... 

Hydrogen production from carbonaceous feedstocks requires multiple catalytic reaction steps For the production of high-purity hydrogen, the reforming of fuels is followed by two water-gas shift reaction steps, a final carbon monoxide purification and carbon dioxide removal. Steam reforming, partial oxidation and autothermal reforming of methane are well-developed processes for the production of hydro-... 

Researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences are developing a scalable methanol autothermal reforming (ATR) reactor. The microchannel reactor will be composed of multiple reactor chips (Figure 21). with each chip able to process enough methanol for approximately 100 We hydrogen. Both aluminum and stainless steel were evaluated for use as the chip... 

As shown in Figure 6.13, the hydrogen yield for both reactions increases with temperature (in the range 550-850 °C), and for temperatures of 600 °G or higher the H2 yield in autothermal reforming is greater than that in steam reforming. 

Natural Gas Autothermal Reforming an Effective Option for a Sustainable Distributed Production of Hydrogen... 

In the first part of the chapter, a state-of-the-art review and also a thermodynamic analysis of the autothermal reforming reaction are reported. The former, relevant to both chemical and engineering aspects, refers to the reaction system and the relevant catalysts investigated. The latter discusses the effect of the operating conditions on methane conversion and hydrogen yield. 

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