Hydrofining process

The Hydrofining process is acmally one of many processes that exist, but all are very similar in nature.The main difference in the various processes is in "know how". Each process differs by catalysts, equipment and/or methods, but these are rather narrow since the general field of hydrogenation is an old and well established art. 

Virgin naphtha hydrofining processing conditions have been standardized at 550°F, 4 V/hr/V, 300-400 psig and 400-500 SCF/B of 70% H treat gas. Such conditions will make a 4 ppm sulfur product of most stocks of interest. 

Benzoraffln A hydrofining process for treating naphtha fractions derived from coal. It is a fixed-bed, gas-phase process using a cobalt/molybdenum oxide catalyst. Developed jointly by BASF, Veba-Chemie, and Lurgi, Ground 1960. 

Sovaflning [Socony Vacuum refining] A hydrofining process developed by the Socony -Vacuum Company, now Mobil Corporation. See Hydrofining. 

Because of the large stream sizes involved, many of the SNG plants in the United States incorporate a bulk sulfur removal stage using a hydrofining process. The IIS produced is commonly recovered as elemental sulfur by a Stretford plant, in which the hydrofiner off gas is washed with an aqueous alkaline solution which is regenerated by oxidation with air. 

For propylene rich streaa j undesired propyne/propadiene are presently removed by a liquid phase hydrofining process over supported Pd [2] bimetallic Pd [51 and proinoted CU/AI3O3 catalysts [6 7]. For butene and butadiene rich streams processes are carried out in the liquid phase (XFP process) over supported [2] and bimetallic Pd [8] as well as in the gas phase (DOW KLP process) over bimetallic Cu/Y Al203 [6/7 9] and Pd/AI O [10] Catalysts. The... 

Source A. Billon, M. Derrien, and J. C. Lavergne, Manufacture of New Base Oils by the I.F.P. Hydrofining Process, Proceedings of the Division of Refining of the American Petroleum Institute 49 522-548 (1969). With permission. 

Hydrofining Process, Proceedings of the Division of Refining of the American Petroleum Institute 49 522—548 (1969). With permission. 

The sulfur atom is separated from the benzothiophene molecule and an alkylated ethyl benzene [Eq. (34.4)] or an alkylated styrene [Eq. (34.6)] is formed. The remaining sulfur adheres to the sorbent (S ). The sorbent must be regenerated once aU active centers are occupied by sulfur. Similarly to the hydrofining process, hydrogen must be added in excess, and is therefore recycled. The amount of converted hydrogen is 35 m tp ji- As shown by ConocoPhillips [37], diesel fuel can be desulfurized from 523 to 6 ppmw and kerosene from 2000 to 1 ppmw. These figures indicate that the reactivity of benzothiophenes is higher than that of dibenzothiophenes. 

The Exxon Wax HYDROFINING Process, Exxon Research and Engineering Co, Technology Licensing Division, February, 1986. 

---