Hydrodynamics of circulating fluidized beds

Yang, W. C. (1992). The Hydrodynamics of Circulating Fluidized Beds. In The Supplements of the Encyclopedia of Fluid Mechanics. Ed. N. P. Cheremininoff. Houston Gulf Publishing. 

Fig. 11. Calculation showing essential aspects of hydrodynamics of circulating fluidized beds (Gs = 50 kg/m2s).

Li, Jinghai, Reh, Lothar, and Kwauk, Mooson. Application of energy minimization principle to hydrodynamics of circulating fluidized beds, in Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology III (P. Basu, M. Horio and M. Hasatani, eds.), p. 163. Pergamon Press, 1991a. 

Berruti F, Chaouki J, Godfroy L, Pugsley TS, Patience GS. Hydrodynamics of circulating fluidized bed risers. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 1995 73 579-602. 

Arena U, Marzocchella A, Massimilla L, Malandrino A. Hydrodynamics of circulating fluidized beds with risers of different shape and size. Powder Technol 70 237-247, 1992. 

Tsukada, M., Nakanishi, D. Takei, Y., Ishii, H., and Horio, M., Hydrodynamic Similarity of Circulating Fluidized Bed under Different Pressure Conditions, Proc. llthlnt. Conf. Fluidized Bed Comb., p. 829(1991)... 

Brue, E.. Moore, J., and Brown, R. C. Process Model Identification of Circulating Fluid Bed Hydrodynamics, in Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology IV (Amos A. Avidan, ed.), pp. 535-540. Somerset, Pennsylvania (1993). 

Horio, M. Hydrodynamics of Circulating Fluidization-Present Status and Research Needs," in Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology III (Basu, P., Horio, M., and Hasatani, M., eds.), pp. 1-2. Pergamon Press, Oxford (1991). 

Rhodes, M. J., and Geldart, D. The hydrodynamics of recirculating fluidized beds, to Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology (P. Basu,ed.), pp. 193-200. Pergamon Press, 1986. 

Intelligent design of circulating fluidized bed boilers depends on sufficient understanding of the physico-chemical hydrodynamics occurring in the combustors, such as chemical kinetics of coal combustion and pollutant formation, hydrodynamics of gas-solid two phase flow, mixing of gas and solids, distribution of heat released, and heat transfer between immersed... 

Horio M. Hydrodynamics of circulating fluidization—present status and research needs. In Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology III (Basu P, Horio M, Hasatani M, eds.). Oxford Pergamon Press, 1990, pp 3-14. 

Jiang P, Bi HT, Liang SC, Fan LS. Hydrodynamic behavior of circulating fluidized bed with polymeric particles. AIChE J 40 193-206, 1994. 

Puchyr DMJ, Mehrotra AK, Behie LA, Kalogerakis N. Hydrodynamic and kinetic modelling of circulating fluidized bed reactors applied to a modified Claus plant. Chem Eng Sd 51 5251-5262, 1996. 

Arena, U., Cammarota, A., Massimilla, L., and Pirozzi, D., The Hydrodynamic Behavior of Two Circulating Fluidized Bed Units of Different Size, Circulating Fluidized Bed Technol. 11, (P. Basu, and J. F. Large, eds.), Pergamon Press, Oxford (1988)... 

Glicksman, L. R., Hyre, M., Torpey, M., and Wheeldon, J., Verification of Simplified Hydrodynamic Scaling Laws for Pressurized Fluidized Beds Part II Circulating Fluidized Beds, Proc. 13th Int. Conf. for Fluidized Bed Combustion, ip. 991 (1995)... 

Ge, W. and Li, J., Pseudo-particle approach to hydrodynamics of gas/solid two-phase flow, in "Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology V" (J. Li, M. Kwauk, Eds.), pp. 260-265. Science Press, Beijing (1996). 

The hydrodynamics of a circulating fluidized bed can be analyzed from both the macroscopic and mesoscopic points of view. The nonuniformity of the solids concentration in the radial and axial directions represents macroscopic behavior. The existence of solid clusters characterizes mesoscopic behavior (see 10.5). The hydrodynamic behavior in a macroscale is discussed in the following. 

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