Modified Hummers’ method

Yu et al. synthesized Au NPs-rGO via gas phase chemical reduction method using oleylamine as a solvent cum reducing agent and utilized the composites material for micro-gravimetric detection of chemical vapour [38]. In the process, GO sheets were first prepared by modified Hummers method after which a measured amount of GO was added to a measured quantity of oleylamine solution and heated to 120°C in an oil bath. To the solution, HAuCT was added and heated to 180°C. The reaction was then cooled to... 

Table 1 summarizes a survey of the synthetic approaches and resulting capacitance values of graphene-based electrodes (see also Refs. [5-7, 11, 14, 31, 76-80] for a review of synthetic approaches). Natural graphite is the most commonly used starting material, while more atypical materials such as CNTs [46] and platelet carbon nanofibers [55] have also been used. The (modified) Hummers method [81] is the most mutual method for oxidation of carbon, while the Staudenmaier [82] and Brodie [83] methods have also been applied. Reduction of the oxidized graphite oxide nanosheets is often conducted with hydrazine. 

Oxidation of graphite with modified hummers method... 

GO was prepared from graphite powder through the modified Hummers method [183]. Graphene was synthesized via the chemical reduction of GO by sodium acetate trihydrate. A typical procedure was 1.10 g CH3C00Na 3H20 dispersed into 55 mL of GO dispersion (1 mg/mL). 

Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared via the modified Hummers method [46]. Briefly, 2 g of graphite powder and 1 g of NaN03 were mixed with 46 mL of concentrated H.,SO, at 0°C in ice bath. The mixture was stirred... 

With Jarzynski s identity in the form of (8.46), we can apply to it the skewed momenta method simply by setting A[r(f)] = exp(— /3Wt). However, we anticipate that the method will be most useful in the particular case of calculating free energy profiles from pulling experiments, for which Hummer and Szabo have provided a modified form of Jarzynski s expression [106]. 

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