HPSCs

In addition to growth factors, small molecules that induce the cardiogenesis pathway can enhance cardiomyocyte differentiation from hPSCs. A number of small molecules have been screened for promotion of cardiogenesis. The BMP signaling inhibitors [102, 103], p38 MAPKsignaling inhibitors [100], Wnt signaling activators [104], and Wnt singling inhibitors [105-107] are reported to promote the cardiac differentiation. 

Maintenance ofhPSC Maintain hPSC (H9, H13, H14, and 19-9-11) on mouse embryonic feeder cells in hESC medium DMEM/ F12 culture medium supplemented with 20 % KOSR, 0.1 mM NEAA, 1 mM L-glutamine, 0.1 mM 3ME, and 10 ng/ml human bFGF. For feeder-free culture, maintain the hPSC on matrigel in the presence of mTeSRl medium. 

Small molecule-induced cardiac differentiation in hPSC [110] The protocol implies a growth factor-free directed cardiac differentiation method. Dissociate the hPSC into single cells with accutase for 5 min at room temperature, and consequently plate them at the... 

Fig. 5 Schematic representation of small molecule-induced differentiation of hPSC to cardiomyocytes...

On day 0 treat the cells with 12 pM CH in RPMI + B27—insulin medium for 24 h followed by media change with RPMI + B27— insulin media. At day 3, add 5 pM IWP2/IWP4 for optimal generation of cardiomyocytes. Remove IWP-containing media and replace it with RPMI + B27—insulin media on day 5. From day 7 onwards, maintain the cells in RPMI + B27 medium with a media change after every 3 days. The method produces a high yield of virtually up to 98 % pure and functional human cardiomyocytes from multiple hPSC lines (see Fig. 5). 

Microscopic and SEM photographs of the HPSC surfaces ground at three kinds of table speeds with the 140-mesh wheel [SD140Q50M, = 20 m/sec, h = 5 pm. Soluble (1/50)]. 

Considering the results mentioned above, ductile-mode grinding with the 140-mesh wheel of low concentration of 50 is possible in the plunge grinding of HPSC ceramic with a conventional surface grinder. Nevertheless,... 

Relationship between the ground HPSC surface hardness and the table speed. 

Figure 2.15 shows the relationship between the hardness of the ductilemode groimd HPSC surface layer and the table speed for the wheel speed of Vg = 20 m/sec, 50 m/sec, and 80 m/sec. As shown in the figure, the wheel speed has little influence on the hardness of the ductile-mode ground siuface. 

Difference between the surface roughnesses of the HPSC and SSC ceramic ground with the... 

Figure 2.24 shows the microscopic photographs of the HPSC surface ground at (r w)c = 3.33 mm/sec with the 140-mesh wheel. From the figure, it is... 

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