Horizontal analysis

To evaluate accounting information, business people evaluate financial statements in three broad areas (1) horizontal analysis, (2) vertical analysis, and (3) ratio analysis. 

Analyses used by creditors, owners, and management Horizontal analysis... 

Dividing the dollar amount of change by the base period amount Table 9.8 presents horizontal analysis. 

There are several approaches to developing predictive models for pressure drop and energy losses in dilute-phase pneumatic conveying. The German literature, for instance, uses an expression proposed by Barth (1954) that includes a lift term in the horizontal analysis, while the U.S. approach is prone to lump this effect into the frictional term. 

In the previous section the energy difference A m for the lanthanide metals was derived from the experimental cohesive energies. Here it will be shown that these data can be used directly to give A jn,v through the series, provided that this value is known for at least one of the elements. The method to be used is well known in atomic spectroscopy and is called the horizontal analysis method. Originally this method was applied to the 3d series (Catalan et al. 1954, Racah 1954), but more recently it has been used for the lanthanide atoms by J irgensen (1962). A more... 

While vertical analysis can express the relationship between responses Y and control factors x represented by design matrix X, horizontal analysis also proposed to build the relationship between responses Y and time t. In horizontal direction, let Y = [Yh Yr2 . . Ym] is the matrix of mean responses in which Yri, Yr2,. ..and Ym are row vectors in the Table 1. Choosing the models for rows of Y (Yr), each row Yr will be a function of t ... 

With available data, interaction model (first order for X] and X2 and their interaction X1X2) is applied for vertical analysis and second order model is applied for horizontal analysis for both mean and variance response models. With available data, the R-square values of mean functions for both of direction analysis range from 0.735 to 0.999 while those of variance functions range from 0.07 to 0.98. 

Fig. 7. Definition of diameteis frequently used in image analysis (a) horizontal Martin diameter, (b) horizontal Feret diameter, and (c) diameter of equal...

Figure 4 DynDom [67] analysis of the first two normal modes of human lysozyme. Dark grey and white indicate the two dynamic domains, separated by the black hinge bending region. The vertical line represents a hinge axis that produces a closure motion in the first normal mode. The horizontal line represents a hinge axis that produces a twisting motion in the second normal mode. (Adapted from Ref. 68.) The DynDom program is available from the Internet at http //md. chem.rug.nl/ steve/dyndom.html.

The Lapple charts for compressible fluid flow are a good example for this operation. Assumptions of the gas obeying the ideal gas law, a horizontal pipe, and constant friction factor over the pipe length were used. Compressible flow analysis is normally used where pressure drop produces a change in density of more than 10%. 

The inductively coupled plasma and the torch used in ICPMS are similar to that used in ICP-OES. In ICPMS, the torch is aimed horizontally at the mass spectrometer, rather than vertically, as in ICP-OES. In ICPMS the ions must be transported physically into the mass spectrometer for analysis, while in ICP-OES light is trans-... 

P. Lehmann, R. Moreau, D. Camel, R. Bolcato. A simple analysis of the effect of convection on the structure of the mushy zone in the case of horizontal Bridgman solidification. Comparison with experimental results. J Cryst Growth 183 690, 1998. 

Plot energy (vertical axis) vs. CiC bond distance (horizontal axis), and repeat the analysis described above. 

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