Homologous overexpression

Paracoccus denitrificans, a facultatively methylotrophic bacterium, is able to grow and accumulate PHAs on methanol. Recombinant P. denitrificans strains with increased expression levels of all PHA synthetic enzymes were investigated for the enhanced production of PHA. The PHA content and PHA accumulation rate of recombinant P. denitrificans with homologous overexpression of PHA synthase were 2 and 2.7 times higher, respectively, than those of the wild strain, suggesting that the step of PHA synthase was limited in PHA biosynthesis [111]. 

Briefly, the production of riboflavin with B. subtilis could be increased by the deregulation of purine synthesis and a mutation in the gene coding for the riboflavin kinase. The B. subtilis process is further based on the recombinant, homologous overexpression of multiple chromosomal copies of the riboflavin operon under the control of a strong synthetic promoter. The introduction of an additional copy of the ribA gene has also been shown to increase the productivity of the strain. " ... 

The class I FruA isolated from rabbit muscle aldolase (RAMA) is the aldolase employed for preparative synthesis in the widest sense, owing to its commercial availability and useful specific activity of 20 U mg . Its operative stability in solution is limiting, but the more robust homologous enzyme from Staphylococcus carnosus has been cloned for overexpression [87], which offers unusual stability for synthetic purposes. Recently, it was shown that less polar substrates may be converted as highly concentrated water-in-oil emulsions [88]. 

Bcl-2 is one of the many factors that control apoptosis, and overexpression of Bcl-2 has been observed in many different cancers. A homology model of Bcl-2 was derived from the NMR 3D structure of the Bcl-XL complex with a Bak BH3 peptide. This model served to search the NCI 3D database of 206,876 organic compounds for potential Bcl-2 inhibitors, which bind to the Bak BH3 binding site of Bcl-2. Full conformational flexibility of the ligands was taken into account in the program DOCK. Thirty-five potential inhibitors were tested, and seven of them had IC50 values from 1.6 to W.OpM. One of... 

Some mutant mice have extended lifespans. The Ames dwarf mouse has a mutation in p66shc, a cell-surface protein that contains both Src-homology and collagen-homology domains. It lives almost one-third longer than do wild-type mice.538 Mice deficient in methionine sulfoxide reductase have a reduced lifespan539 but fruit flies with overexpressed activity of the enzyme are more resistant than wild-type flies to oxidative damage.540... 

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