Homogenous matter

Define mixtures, pure substances, heterogeneous and homogeneous matter, elements, and compounds. 

As long as there is not a comprehensive theory synthesizing the ancient Democrites view on the structure of all matter with the findings of what is called chemistry since Paracelsus, we will have to guess which structural features of physically homogeneous matter can be used to predict the properties of such matter. QSRR may appear to be the most convenient means to test the applicability of individual structural descriptors for property predictions. 

This process of levigation is founded upon the different specific gravities of the coarse and fine bruised matters, and is, therefore, not only applicable for the separation of the partich s of homogeneous matters, but also of equally tine matters of unequal densities. In the latter case it takes the name of elutriation. 

Heterogeneous samples of matter are all mixtures and can be physically separated into various kinds of homogeneous matter. Homogeneous matter can be a pure substance or a mixture. If it is a mixture, it is described as a... 

Continued experience has shown that, in general, the smallest chemically active units of matter—atoms and ions—are not identical with those particles called molecules which we regard as the limit to which homogeneous matter may be reduced by mechanical subdivision or other physical means. It is characteristic of compound molecules that they contain a definite number of the constituent atoms and can be represented by empirical formulas such as... 

Dispersed (discontinuous) Phase A phase consisting of homogeneous matter, which is scattered in space, and dispersed in the continuum of the other mainly coherent phase. 

For narrow, parallel, and monochromatic photon beams, the attenuation in homogeneous matter is given by the exponential law... 

GRAPH 3.3 Formal Graph of the equivalence between the conductance path at the global level and the composed path passing through the conductivity. Properties of space are represented by a length and an area, because the considered system is made with an isotropic and homogeneous matter. 

G RAPH 3.4 Formal Graph of equivalences between path of the inertial mass, path of the lineic mass (going through the momentum lineic density), and path of the volumic mass (going through the momentum concentration). The considered system is made with an isotropic and homogeneous matter. 

The scope of this contribution is the comparison of metals clusters and nuclei. These systems have much in common as their structure and dynamics are dominated by the behavior of fermion liquids, the protons and neutrons in nuclei and the dense electron cloud in clusters. This gives rise to shell effects and a corresponding deformation pattern as well as pronounced resonance excitations related to zero sound in homogeneous matter, the giant resonances in nuclei and the surface plasmon in clusters. The structural aspects have already been much discussed in the past and are well documented in several review articles, see e.g. [1, 2]. A prominent feature here was the appearance of supershells which are only accessible in metal clusters with their unlimited pool of system sizes [3] and which have a particularly transparent explanation in the framework of semiclassical... 

Pure substances, and mixtures such as sugar water, are examples of homogeneous matter—matter that has a uniform appearance and the same properties throughout. 

Earlier, homogeneous matter was classified into two categories—pure substances and mixtures (see Figure 1.5). Since then, the discussion has been limited to pure substances. We now look at homogeneous mixtures called solutions and their distant relatives, colloidal suspensions. 

Figure 2.11 Homogeneous pure substances and mixtures. The terms homogeneous and heterogeneous refer to macroscopic samples of matter. They are a reference to the macroscopic appearance of the substance. Homogeneous matter may be either a pure substance or a mixture. 

This intermediate dynamics are quite common in the HD-TG signal of homogenous matter as supercooled liquids and glass-formers [8,9], In these materials, this behavior is due to the presence of structural relaxation processes. Also in water filled nanoporous materials, an intermediate rising signal has been revealed in the HD-TG data and it has been addressed to the water flow processes inside the nanopores [10]. 

The atomist vision of the world posited it being constituted by a single homogenous matter distributed in tiny, invisible, solid, eternal, indivisible units continuously in motion within an immense void. The infinite variety... 

The physicist s spirit, which Fontenelle finds so seductive and Venel so irritating, is nothing other than the Cartesian theory of uniform homogeneous matter pure extension possessing length, width and breadth, and put into motion by God. Nevertheless, this conception of matter, which is tied to a particular metaphysics illustrated by the move from the first to the second part of Descartes Principles of Philosophy, while it allows the philosopher to conceptualize physics in terms of geometry and to present the laws... 

Indeed, we are left with the impression that the opposition between Venel s defence of elements or principles and the Cartesian vision of homogeneous matter varying only in form and size is just a transposition of the opposition between atomism and Aristotelian matter theory that we examined in the previous chapter. Matter is either intrinsically differentiated or it is homogeneous and uniform the former approach posits principles or elements as the irreducible bearers of properties, while the latter considers the same properties to be secondary qualities or epiphenomena that arise due to the form and state of motion of the matter in question. 

---