Homogenous catalytic hydrogenation

How many moles of hydrogen gas will react with cembrene, which is present in pine oil What is the molecular formula of the product  

Explain why acetic acid (CH CO H) and ethyl acetate (CH COjCH CH ) can be used as solvents for catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes. 

Write the structure obtained by hydrogenation of ipsdienol, a pheromone of the Norwegian spruce beede, using one equivalent of hydrogen gas and the Wilkinson catalyst. 

A mixture of 2,4,4-trimethyl-l-pentene and 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentene is obtained in the commercial dimerization of 2-methylpropene. Hydrogenation of the mixture gives a single product. Draw the strucmres of the alkenes and the product. Explain why a single product forms. 

Squalene, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of steroids, has the molecular formula Hydrogenation yields a compound with molecular formula What is the unsaturation number of 

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The only weakness of the homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of elastomer is the removal of the catalyst from... 

With the recent development of zeolite catalysts that can efficiently transform methanol into synfuels, homogeneous catalysis of reaction (2) has suddenly grown in importance. Unfortunately, aside from the reports of Bradley (6), Bathke and Feder (]), and the work of Pruett (8) at Union Carbide (largely unpublished), very little is known about the homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of CO to methanol. Two possible mechanisms for methanol formation are suggested by literature discussions of Fischer-Tropsch catalysis (9-10). These are shown in Schemes 1 and 2. 

This chapter aims to provide an overview of the current state of the art in homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of C=0 and C=N bonds. Diastereoselec-tive or enantioselective processes are discussed elsewhere. The chapter is divided into sections detailing the hydrogenation of aldehydes, the hydrogenation of ketones, domino-hydroformylation-reduction, reductive amination, domino hydroformylation-reductive amination, and ester, acid and anhydride hydrogenation. 

This chapter provides a review of the progress in reaction art, reactor techniques and process technology with respect to homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of diene-based polymers, in accordance with the homogeneous hydrogenation theme of this handbook. 

P. G. Jessop, T. Ikariya, R. Noyori, Homogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide , Nature 1994,368,231-233. 

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