Hollander beater

Hog fat Hohlraum H-Oil process Holding furnaces Hole mobilities Hollander beater Hollandite [12008-99-0]... 

After the invention of the Hollander beater in the late 1600s, metallic impurities (copper and iron) got into the paper pulp by contact with the metal rotary grinders. This type of beater is blamed also for the accelerated decline of quality in papers because its particular beating action shortened the fibers. Another production change reduced the amounts of alkaline earth carbonates present new forms of gelatin, made from sinew and muscle, did not possess the natural alkalinity of the byproduct of the parchment maker. 

The pulp to be treated with cellulolytic enzymes should first be screened in a laboratory flat screen to remove any shives. The screened pulp is beaten either in a laboratory Hollander beater (TAPPI Standard Method T 200 os-70) or in a PFI mill (TAPPI Standard Method T 248cm-85), depending on the amount of pulp to be treated, to a final Canadian Standard Freeness of 200-300 ml. The beating operation helps convert shives into fibers and improves the digestibility of the pulp towards cellulolytic enzymes. The pulp is dewatered to a consistency of approximately 25% and stored in a polyethylene bag after fluffing. 

Laboratory Hollander refining - a Hollander beater design consists of a circular or ovoid water raceway with a beater wheel at a single point along the raceway. The beater wheel is made with multiple blades mounted on an axle-Uke shaft, similar to the construction of a water wheel. Under power, the blades rotate to beat the fibre into usable pulp slurry or highly fibrillated pulp suspension composed of ceUulosic fibrils and fibres. In our study, we used a valley beater, and, hence, in this study the words Hollander and valley beater are used interchangeably. Co-refining of pulp fibre and lime was carried out to a maximum of 30 min in the Hollander beater. 

John Tonkin of England proposed to pulp Guncotton using a beater similar to hollander of paper industry. This produced, after thorough washing with water, more stable NC than the unpulped material (Ref 31a, p 253 Ref 44, p 242)... 

Some examples of rotary cutting machines are the following Fabricated-Steel Rotary Knife Cutter (Sprout, Waldron Co) Giant Dicing Cutter (Taylor, Stiles Co) Mikro-Chipper (Pulverizing Machinery Co) and others by Paul O.Abbe Engrg C°. Hollander Jordan beaters for pulping NC may also be classed with these cutters... 

In the preparation of handsheets, the NBS NBH furnish was soaked for 2 h in 0.0005% Ca(OH)2 solution prior to the beating step. The pulp was then beaten in deionized water containing sodium borohydride (0.1% pulp weight) and 0.02% calcium hydroxide or 2.5% calcium carbonate (22). A Craftool Hollander laboratory beater was employed. Handsheets were prepared with a Noble and Wood brass sheet-making machine, which had been painted to prevent the contact of pulp with brass. The metal wire was overlaid with polyester fiber screening (75 mesh). Handsheets were also prepared from the same pulp furnish with the Noble and Wood brass sheet-forming machine before it had been painted. These papers had a copper content of 150 ppm as a result of contamination from the brass. 

Lanphere M. A., Wasserburg G. J., Albee A. L., and Tilton G. R. (1964) Redistribution of strontium and rubidium isotopes during metamorphism, World Beater Complex, Panamint range, Cahfornia. In Isotopic and Cosmic Chemistry (eds. H. Craig, S. L. Miller, and G. J. Wasserburg). North Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 269-320. 

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