Hit probabilities

When fragments (either primary or secondary) are ejected, it is often necessary to calculate the probability of their impacting a particular target. Work by Klein (20) and Hackett (21) gives the hit probability equation as ... 

The Vulcan gun, previously used as aircraft armament at rates as high as 6000 rds/minute, has been modified for the air defense application to provide alternative firing rates of 1000 and 3000 rds/minute. Because of the weapon s six-barrel design, its dispersion pattern can be optimized by a suitable choice of muzzle adapter. The adapter chosen causes the pattern to be spread, which results in a higher hit probability... 

The fast reduction of Fe also gives rise to an extra double hit probability in... 

In order to determine a for uncorrelated data, we only need to calculate the probability PQii) that in the rth thread a state with energy E (for simphcity we assume that the problem is discrete) is hit /j, times in M, trials, where each hit occurs with the probability hit This leads to the binomial distribution with the hit average hi) = Mjphit- In the limit of small hit probabilities (a reasonable assumption in general if the number of energy bins is large, and, in particular, for the tails of the histogram), the binomial turns into the Poisson distribution P hi) /hi with identical variance and expectation value, a, = hi). Insertion... 

The ciphered code is indicated with a defined length, i.e., a fixed hit/byte length. A hash code of 32 bits could have 2 (or 4 294 976 296) possible values, whereas one of 64 bits could have 2 values, However, due to tbe fixed length, several diverse data entries could assign the same hash code ( address collision ), The probability of collision rises if the number of input data is increased in relation to the range of values (bit length). In fact, the limits of hash coding are reached with about 10 000 compounds with 32 bits and over 100 million with 64 bits, to avoid collisions in databases [97. ... 

Probability of particular storage tanks or process vessels being hit by missiles caused by fires or explosions by fragmentation of rotating machines or pressure vessels, or transport accident s... 

Once hits have been identified, they must be confirmed. The test data obtained from a screen form a normal distribution. One criterion for determining possible active molecules is to retest all initial values > 3 ct units away from the mean. This will capture values for which there is >99.3% probability of being significantly greater than the... 

Example 4.—The following fighter-bomber dual illustrates a continuous game.15 The payoff (given by the probability of hitting) when... 

It is assumed that the probability that the fighter hits the bomber is the same as that of the bomber hitting the fighter. 

The starting point is the (pseudo-) randomization function supplied with most computers it generates a rectangular distribution of events, that is, if called many times, every value between 0 and 1 has an equal probability of being hit. For our purposes, many a mathematician s restraint regarding randomization algorithms (the sequence of numbers is not perfectly random because of serial correlation, and repeats itself after a very large number of... 

A sticking model is used for the plasma-wall interaction [137]. In this model each neutral particle has a certain surface reaction coefficient, which specifies the probability that the neutral reacts at the surface when hitting it. In case of a surface reaction two events may occur. The first event is sticking, which in the case of a silicon-containing neutral leads to deposition. The second event is recombination, in which the radical recombines with a hydrogen atom at the wall and is reflected back into the discharge. 

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