Higher quality, 172 industrial sectors

The revised NAP submitted in April 2004 reflected updated growth projections for the power sector, industrial sectors and the services sector, based on input from stakeholders and modification of the model itself, but not the results of the consultants work on projections. The updated projections indicated that 2010 BAU emissions would be 7 Mt CO2 higher than had previously been foreseen. The bottom-up data used to develop individual sector projections had also undergone substantial additional quality checking to correct errors and anomalies in the data submitted by operators, and some previously unidentified operators and installations had been added. The method for calculating the NER was also modified to be more consistent with overall sector growth projections, and to apportion expected growth between incumbents and new entrants. The number of allowances to be distributed annually under the Provisional NAP totalled 245 Mt CO2, with around 8%, or 19 Mt CO2 per year, set aside for the new entrants reserve. 

The driving force for the introduction of new processes are economic considerations, which are largely influenced by the production costs of the product and product quality. The optimal exploitation of raw materials, energy saving, and the environmental friendliness of processes will still take presidence in futnre. Selectivity is becoming more and more the decisive factor in industrial processes, mainly as a result of increasing purity demands, for example, in polymer chemistry and in the pharmaceutical sector. Higher selectivity means that better use is made of raw materials and therefore lower formation of side products, which must be removed in expensive separation processes or pollute the environment. 

LRVPs are still frequently used to be called water ring pumps, even though they have been used in the chemical industry since the start of the last century. In this sector, they are not only used for creating vacuum but also used as reactors, absorbers, condensers and washers. Process liquids are being used ever more frequently to achieve higher product qualities and pure products. 

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