High volatile A bituminous coal

High-volatile A bituminous coal — 69 31 — 32.6 — 14,0005 — Commonly agglomerating ... 

Much work has been described in the literature on determining which chemical and physical features distinguish coals in terms of reactivity or hydrogenation potential [21]. Coal rank is certainly one of the featiues as shown by the difference between WVGS 13421, which is a medium-volatile bitummous coal, and the lower rank WVGS 13423, which is a high-volatile A bituminous coal. 

The reactive role of liptinite macerals in liquefaction has been partially documented (50,68). However, recent work has shown that unaltered sporinite often is encountered in the residues from both batch and continuous liquefaction runs. For example, sporinite was a common component in the residues of a high volatile A bituminous coal after hydrogen-transfer runs at 400° for 30 minutes (70). In spite of the relative unreactivity of the sporinite in this instance, the vitrinite clearly had reacted extensively because vitroplast was the predominant residue component. The dissolution rate of sporinite from some coals, even at 400°C, may be somewhat less than that of vitrinite. 

In contrast to sporinite, resinite from a Utah high volatile A bituminous coal reacted rapidly and more completely than the corresponding vitrinite. Table V shows the conversion levels achieved for a concentrate containing 75% resinite (mineral-free basis) reacted under relatively mild conditions. The results are curious. A fairly respectable level of conversion is achieved in 15 minutes at 350°C (under which conditions the associated vitrinite would presumably show little conversion), but longer times and a temperature of 370° have little further effect even raising the temperature to 400° does not show a major increase in conversion. 

Bituminous class class of rank consisting of high-volatile C bituminous coal, high-volatile B bituminous coal, high-volatile A bituminous coal, medium-volatile bituminous coal, and low-volatile bituminous coal. 

High-volatile A bituminous coal rank of coal such that on a dry, mineral-matter-free basis, the volatile matter content of coal is greater than 31% (or the fixed carbon content is less than 69%), and its gross calorific value is equal to or greater than 14,000 Btu/lb of coal on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis, and the coal is commonly agglomerating. 

This motivates the present work. Two coals of high organic sulfur content and low pyritic sulfur content were chosen for study a lignite (Spanish Mequinenza) and a high volatile A bituminous coal (New Zealand coal from the Charming Creek mine). 

Continued development of the COGAS Process promises to help make our nation self-sufficient in meeting its needs for liquid and gaseous fuels. The process can handle all ranks of coals, ranging from lignite through high-volatile A bituminous coal. 

Table lY. Comparison of Pittsburgh Bed High Volatile A Bituminous Coal and Char Produced at 1900 F, 400 psig, and 91% H2, 9% N2... 

The Australian Torbanite is an algal shale discussed by Hatcher et al. (12), the Cretaceous black shale is discussed in Dennis et al. (24), and the Waynesburg log is a coalified log from the Connellsville Sandstone Member ofthe Conemaugh Formation, which has a rank of high-volatile A bituminous coal (R. Stanton, personal communication). (fa denotes carbon aromaticity.)... 

Table I. Analyses of High Volatile A Bituminous Coal...

Low-volatile bituminous coal Medium-volatile bituminous High-volatile A bituminous coal High-volatile B bituminous coal High-volatile C bituminous coal... 

ASTM class cation, group name Meta an- thra- cite Anthracite Semianthradte Low-volatile bituminous coal Medium-volatile bituminous coal High-volatile A bituminous coal -[ -volatile B bituminous coal High-volatile C bituminous coal and subbituminous A coal Subbituminous B coal ... 

A high-volatile A bituminous coal from the MS Luisa mine, from the Central Asturian Basin, in the North of Spain, was used. The most important characteristics of the starting material are given in Table 1. The coal was ground and the size fraction +0.125-0.425 mm was used. 

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