High-strength ceramics

M.E. Kipp and D.E. Grady, Shock Compression and Release in High-Strength Ceramics, SAND89-1461, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 1989. 

Intermediate- to high-strength ceramics Proppant material... 

J.A. Robertson, Continuous High Strength Ceramic Fibers by Pyrolysis of Inorganic-Loaded Ray on i Silicon Carbide and Alumina afml-TR-67-409, Contract AF 33 (615>3881, FMC,... 

Alford, N.M., Birchall, J.D. and Kendall, K. High-strength ceramics through colloidal control to remove defects , Nature 330 (6143) (1987) 51-53. 

Sand (silicon dioxide) and coke (carbon) are combined to form silicon carbide (SiC), a compound used in high-strength ceramic materials. 

R. E. Tressler and D. J. Pysher, Mechanical Behavior of High Strength Ceramic Fibers at High Temperatures, in Advanced Structural Inorganic Composites, ed. P. Vincenzini, Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, 1991, pp. 3-18. 

Some ceramic applications (e.g., smooth surface substrates, high strength ceramics) require fine grains, which cannot be achieved unless the starting particles are smaller than the desired final grain size in the sintered parts. 

Invention An example would be when the concept of ceramic disc brakes is developed by combining the concept of disc brakes with concepts coming from the new technology of high-strength ceramic materials. 

A design concept is developed as a combination of a known concept from the problem domain and a new concept coming from a new technology outside the problem domain. For example, the known concept of disc brakes from the problem domain is combined with a new concept for high-strength ceramic materials just developed in the area of ceramic engineering, that is, outside the problem domain. Thus, a concept for ceramic disc brakes is developed. 

Biocompatible high-strength ceramics have recently been obtained from hot-pressed mixtures of hydroxyapatite and zirconia. Sintered composites are reported to have excellent fatigue resistance [43-45]. 

Zeeospheres, Fine particle size, high-strength ceramic microspheres, Zeelan Industries, Inc., Subs, of 3M... 

In the present chapter, the developments in science and technology of high-temperature high-strength ceramics for heat-engine applications, especially those related with silicon nitride and silicon carbide materials, are summarized with special emphasis on certain typical examples. 

TABLE 9.1.1 Silicon Nitride and Carbide as High-Temperature High-Strength Ceramics... 

Although many kinds of materials are classified as ceramics, only limited materials are capable of simultaneously satisfying the conditions listed above. Silicon nitride and silicon carbide are the most promising ceramic materials from this point of view. Table 9.1.1 summarizes the characteristics of silicon nitride and silicon carbide as high-temperature high-strength ceramics. 

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