High performance fibre reinforced concrete steel fibres

C. Sujivorakul and A.E. Naaman, Ultra high-performance fiber-reinforced cement composites using hybridization of twisted steel and micro fibers , in M. Di Prisco, R. Felicetti, and G.A. Plizzari (eds) Fibre Reinforced Concrete - BEFIB 2004, Proc. RILEM Symp., PRO 39, RILEM Publications, Bagneux, France, 2004, pp. 1401-1410. 

Vandewalle, L. (2003) Test and design method for steel fibre reinforced concrete based on the cr-e relation , in Some Aspects of Design and Application of High Performance Cement Based Materials, A. M. Brandt ed., AMAS Warsaw, Lecture Notes 18, pp. 135-190. 

The influence of steel fibres on the behaviour of high performance concrete slabs subjected to high velocity impact of projectiles was tested for construction of shields in military applications. The reinforced concrete slabs exhibited smash failnre, while the slabs reinforced with high volumes of fibres (7% and 10% volnme, pre-placed in the moulds) remained only with minor radial cracks on both sides. The projectiles were either embedded in or rebound from the targets. Several experiments were performed on slabs and plates subjected to perforation by projectiles or falling weights by Luo et al. 

Lau, A., Anson, M. (2006) Effect of high temperatures on high performance steel fibre reinforced concrete, Cement and Concrete Research, 36 1698-707. 

Luo, X., Sun, W., Chan S. Y. N. (2000) Characteristics of high-performance steel fibre-reinforced concrete subject to high velocity impact, Cement and Concrete Research, 30 907—14. 

The general conclusion is that while there are many well-established procedures to design ordinary concretes, which may be extended also to cover high performance concrete and ultra high performance concrete, there are no such methods for polymer modified concretes and for fibre-reinforced concretes. Also for fibres other than short steel ones (glass, polypropylene, long steel fibres, etc.) there are no general recommendations. 

Karihaloo, B. L. (2000) Optimum design of high-performance steel fibre-reinforced concrete mixes, in Proc. Int. Symp. Brittle Matrix Composites 6, A. M. Brandt, V. C. Li and I. H. Marshall eds, Warsaw ZTurek and Woodhead Publishing pp. 3-16. 

In road pavements, high performance concrete with carefully selected aggregate and compressive strength up to 135 MPa exhibited a level of abrasion resistance from studded tyres similar to massive granite. According to laboratory tests, this concrete may last four times longer than traditional concrete of 55 MPa. The addition of a small amount of steel and polypropylene fibres improves crack control in elements reinforced with traditional steel bars, for example, in deep beams where steel fibres partly replace stir-... 

P. Rossi and G. Chanvillard, A new geometry of steel fibre for fibre reinforced concretes , in H.W. Reinhardt and A.E. Naaman (eds) High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites, Proc. RILEM Symp., E EN SPON, London New York, 1992, pp. 129-139. 

Steel fibres have been found to improve the fatigue performance of pavements [97], particularly when high performance steel fibre concretes are used [98]. They also appear to improve the fatigue properties of conventionally reinforced structural elements [99-101]. 

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