High fat-diet-treated group

Results are expressed as mean S.E. of 13 mice. Significantly different from the high fat diet-treated groups p<0.05. 

Fig. (1). Effects of oolong tea on body weight in mice fed a high-fat diet for 10 weeks. Values are expressed as mean + s.e.m. of 18 mice in each group. Significantly different from the high-fat diet-treated group p<0.05. ...

Fig. (19) Effects of chondroitin sulfate on the diameter of adipose cells of mice fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. C, control HF-0, high-fat diet HF-3, high-fat diet plus 3% chondroitin sulfate HF-7, high-fat diet plus 7% chondroitin sulfate HF-13, high-fat diet plus 13% chondroitin sulfate Each column represents the means + s.e.m. of four to six separate assays. a p<0.05, significantly different from high-fat diet-treated group. b p<0.05, significantly different from control group.

In a recent patent application, mice treated with a related iron chelator, deferasirox (DFS), showed reduced body weight while on a high fat diet compared to untreated controls. Additionally, DFS was claimed to improve whole body metabolism and energy expenditure as measured by increased 02 consumption and C02 production as well as a reduction in white adipose and visceral fat, despite little difference between food intake in the control and treated animal groups [25]. 

High-fat diet plus 3% chitosan-treated group 72.5 2.18 9.74 0.36 ... 

High-fat diet plus 7% chitosan-treated group 59.4 3.11 8.68 0.33 ... 

High-fat diet plus 15% chitosan-treated group 52.6 2.99 8.53 0.38 ... 

In patients with renal failure, the occurrence of conditioned zinc deficiency may be the result of a mixture of factors, which at present are ill defined. If 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol plays a role in the intestinal absorption of zinc, an impairment in its formation by the diseased kidney would be expected to result in malabsorption of zinc. It seems likely that plasma and soft tissue concentrations of zinc may be "protected in some individuals with renal failure by the dissolution of bone which occurs as a result of increased parathyroid activity in response to low serum calcium. In experimental animals, calcium deficiency has been shown to cause release of zinc from bone. In some patients who are successfully treated for hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia, the plama zinc concentration may be expected to decline because of the deposition of zinc along with calcium in bone. Thus, in the latter group in particular, a diet low in protein and high in refined cereal products and fat would be expected to contribute to a conditioned deficiency of zinc. Such a diet would be low in zinc. The patients reported by Mansouri et al. (37), who were treated with a diet containing 20-30 g of protein daily and who had low plasma concentrations of zinc, appear to represent such a clinical instance. Presumably the patients of Halsted and Smith (38) were similarly restricted in dietary protein. In other patients with renal failure whose dietary protein was not restricted, plasma zinc concentration were not decreased. Patients on dialysis had even higher levels, particularly... 

The striking effect of lecithin upon the liver of a depancreatized dog (maintained with insulin) was found to be due to its content of choline, which reduces the fat content of the liver of depancreatized rats as well as of rats fed a diet rich in fat. The fact that the rate of formation of new phosphatide molecules in the liver is accelerated by the administration of choline, was established by Perlman and Chaikoff (139). Rats were fed for three days on a diet high in fat and low in protein on the fourth day, half of each group were given 3 mg. of labeled phosphate and 30 mg. of choline chloride, simultaneously. The remaining half was pven the labeled phosphate only. All animals were killed 4 hours after the administration of P. While the phosphatides in the livers of the controls were found to contain 2.23% of the P administered, the liver phosphatides of the choline-treated rats contained 2.92% (see also 137). Increased formation of labeled phosphatides was found to appear approximately 1 hour after choline ingestion, and its effect had disappeared about 10 to 12 hours later. 

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