High-energy processing

Wan and Isayev (1996) examined a hybrid approach of control-volume finite-element and finite-difference modelling of injection moulding of rubber compounds. The effect of vulcanization on viscosity and yield stress during cavity filling is reported. On comparing two versions of the modified Cross viscosity models - with and without the effect of cure - the use of a viscosity model that accounts for the cure was found to improve the accuracy of the cavity-pressure-prediction models. When the modified Cross model was further extended to include the yield stress and was implemented in the simulation program a significant improvement in the prediction of cavity pressure was obtained in the case of low injection speed. 

Haberstroh et al. (2002) modelled the injection moulding of liquid silicone rubber via the use of curing kinetics, flow models and the pressure-volume-temperature behaviour. 

Nichetti (2003, 2004) examined the use of a cure model to predict mechanical properties of isothermally vulcanized moulded items. 

---

Often high-energy process Often takes place under mild conditions... 

Note that the main difference between zirconium hydride and tantalum hydride is that tantalum hydride is formally a d 8-electron Ta complex. On the one hand, a direct oxidative addition of the carbon-carbon bond of ethane or other alkanes could explain the products such a type of elementary step is rare and is usually a high energy process. On the other hand, formation of tantalum alkyl intermediates via C - H bond activation, a process already ob-... 

M. Franklin, K. J. Klabunde, in K. S. Suslick (ed.) High-Energy Processes in Organometallic Chemistry, ACS Symposium Series, 1987, 246. 

M.C.R. Symons, J.R. Morton and K.F. Preston, in High-Energy Processes in Organometallic Chemistry, ed. K.S. Suslick, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1987, p. 169. 

In High-Energy Processes in Organometallic Chemistry Suslick, K. ... 

High-energy processes in organometallic chemistry. (ACS symposium series, ISSN 0097-6156 333)... 

The opening chapter gives some historical background to the investigation of high-energy processes. The discussions in the subsequent chapters proceed from current studies in the gas phase, to examination of liquid-phase techniques, and finally to applications in the solid state. The final chapters provide a perspective on current and future industrial applications of the field. 

The relationship between "conventional" and "high energy" processes in organometallic chemistry is defined. The growth of metal atom chemistry is surveyed as a model for the impact of a "high energy process" on the field of organometallic chemistry. 

Chemistry can be viewed as a balance between thermodynamic and kinetic factors which dictate the course of chemical reactions and the stability of compounds. Chemists seeking to achieve particular goals, manipulate these factors using chemical or physical means. The papers in this symposium on "High Energy Processes in Organometallic Chemistry" describe recent attempts to apply mainly physical means to get around the thermodynamic and kinetic constraints of conventional organometallic chemistry. 

The term "high energy process" needs explanation. Its meaning is seen most easily if we first state that "conventional processes" in... 

One of the first uses of a high energy process in organometallic chemistry was the work by Paneth (i) and then Rice (2) on the... 

As already implied, "high energy processes" can be divided into two... 

The in situ "high energy processes" vary in the form of energy... 

---