Heterotrophic dinoflagellates

The biosynthesis of gorgosterol (93) has been the subject of much discussion and speculation, yet it was not until very recently that its origin was elucidated [60]. This study was performed by feeding radiolabeled sterols to a cell-free extract of the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium cohnii. As was predicted [55] in 1970, the gorgosterol side-chain (in 93a) is produced from dinosterol (94) as shown in Scheme 13. 

Buskey, E. J., Behavioral components of feeding selectivity of the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Pro-toperidinium pellucidum, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 153, 77, 1997. 

Latz, M.I., and Jeong, H.J. 1996. Effect of red tide dinoflagellate diet and cannibalism on file bioluminescence of the heterotrophic dinoflagellates Protoperidinium spp. Mar EcolProg Ser 132, 275-285. 

W.M. Balch, F.T. Haxo (1984). Spectral properties of Noctiluca miliaris Suriray, a heterotrophic dinoflagellate. J. Plankton Res., 6, 515-525. 

Hansen, P.J. (1991) Quantitative importance and trophic role of heterotrophic dinoflagellates in a coastal pelagial food web. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 73, 253—261. 

Liu L, Hastings JW. Two different domains of the luciferase gene in the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Noctiluca miliaris occur as two separate genes in photosynthetic species. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2007 104 696-701. 

Jacobson, D.M. and Anderson, D.M., Thecate heterotrophic dinoflagellates Feeding behavior and mechanisms, J. PhycoL, 22, 249, 1986. 

Litaker, R.W. et al.. Life cycle of the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida (Dinophyceae). J. Phycol. 38, 442, 2002. 

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